2. 外语
  3. ①天津市是中国第三大城市，也是中央直辖市之一，总人口为950万(其中城市人口460万)。②天津是华北地区重要的商贸和工业中心，也是该地区蛀大的港口。③天津距北京东南137公里(85英里)，位于海河水系五大支流汇合处，距渤海湾60公里，下辖15个区和3个县。

①天津市是中国第三大城市，也是中央直辖市之一，总人口为950万(其中城市人口460万)。②天津是华北地区重要的商贸和工业中心，也是该地区蛀大的港口。③天津距北京东南137公里(85英里)，位于海河水系五大支流汇合处，距渤海湾60公里，下辖15个区和3个县。

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问题     ①天津市是中国第三大城市，也是中央直辖市之一，总人口为950万(其中城市人口460万)。②天津是华北地区重要的商贸和工业中心，也是该地区蛀大的港口。③天津距北京东南137公里(85英里)，位于海河水系五大支流汇合处，距渤海湾60公里，下辖15个区和3个县。
    ④天津位于海河下游，地跨海河两岸。⑤市中心距海岸50公里，离首都北京120公里，是海上通往北京的咽喉要道，自古就是京师门户，畿辅重镇。⑥天津又是连接三北——华北、东北、西北地区的交通枢纽，从天津到东北的沈阳，西北的包头，南下到徐卅I、郑州等地，其直线距离均不超过600公里。⑦天津还是北方十几个省市通往海上的交通要道，拥有北方最大的人工港口——天津港，有30多条海上航线通往300多个国际港口，是从太平洋彼岸到欧亚内陆的主要通道和欧亚大陆桥的主要出海口，其地理区位具显著优势，战略地位十分重要。
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答案 ①Tianjin, China’s third largest city with a population of 9.5 million (among which the city population is 4.6 million), is an municipality directly under the central government. ②It is a major commercial and industrial center as well as the biggest port in North China. ③137 kilometers (85 miles) southeast of Beying, Tianjin is situated at the confluence of five tributaries of Haihe River, 50 kilometers from the Gulf of Bohai. The municipality has 15 subordinate districts and 3 counties. ④Tianjin lies in the low reaches of Haihe River, extending across both sides of it.⑤The center of the city is 50 kilometers from the coast, 120 kilometers from Beijing, the capital of the country. It is the strategic thoroughfare from the sea to Beijing, and it has been serving as a very important town and the door of the capital ever since ancient times. ⑥Still, Tianjin is a hub of communications, joining the three northern areas of China: the North, the Northeast and the Northwest. The straight distances from Tianjin to Shenyang in the Northeast of China, to Baotou in the Northwest, to Xuzhou and Zhengzhou in the South are less than 600 kilometers. ⑦What’s more, Tianjin is a vital communication line of a dozen of provinces in North China to the sea and it has the largest artificial harbour in North China—Tianjin Harbour. The harbour has over 30 waterways to more than 300 international ports. It is the major passage from the other shore of the Pacific Ocean to the inland of Eurasia and the main access to the sea of the Asia-Europe Transcontinental Bridge. Thus, Tianjing has a prominent geographical advantage, and its strategic position is very important.
解析     1.③句主要阐述天津的地理位置和行政区域，在翻译时可分成两句话：一句阐述地理位置，译为137 kilometers (85 miles) southeast of Beying, Tianjin is situated at the confluence of five tributaries of Haihe River, 50 kilometers from the Gulf of Bohai。另一句阐述行政区域，其中主语为避免重复，用The municipality代替即可，译为The municipality has 15 subordinate districts and 3 counties.
    2.⑤句翻译难点为“京师门户，畿辅重镇”，其中“京师”意为国都、朝廷所在之地；而“畿辅”的意思为国都所在的地方，泛指京城附近的地区。所以“京师门户，畿辅重镇”可以理解为“是国都的门户，是其很重要的城镇”，故此句可保留原文的意象，译为a very important town and the door of the capital。
    3.⑦句句子较长，可根据内容划分为三层：第一层阐述天津拥有最大的港口，是周边省市通往海上的交通要道；第二层阐述天津港拥有多条国际航线；第三层强调天津显赫的地理位置。翻译时可根据内容层次进行划分和断句。
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