2. 外语
  3. 白杨不是平凡的树，它在西北极普遍，不被人重视，就跟北方农民相似；它有极强的生命力，磨折不了，压迫不倒，也跟北方农民相似。我赞美白杨树，就因为它不但象征了北方的农民，尤其象征了今天我们民族解放斗争中所不可缺的朴质、坚强以及力求上进的精神。让那些看不起民众，贱

白杨不是平凡的树，它在西北极普遍，不被人重视，就跟北方农民相似；它有极强的生命力，磨折不了，压迫不倒，也跟北方农民相似。我赞美白杨树，就因为它不但象征了北方的农民，尤其象征了今天我们民族解放斗争中所不可缺的朴质、坚强以及力求上进的精神。让那些看不起民众，贱

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问题    白杨不是平凡的树，它在西北极普遍，不被人重视，就跟北方农民相似；它有极强的生命力，磨折不了，压迫不倒，也跟北方农民相似。我赞美白杨树，就因为它不但象征了北方的农民，尤其象征了今天我们民族解放斗争中所不可缺的朴质、坚强以及力求上进的精神。让那些看不起民众，贱视民众，顽固的倒退的人们去赞美那贵族化的楠木(那也是直干秀颀的)，去鄙视这极常见、极易生长的白杨罢，但是我要高声赞美白杨树!
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答案 White poplars are no ordinary trees. But these common trees in Northwest China are as much ignored as our peasants in the North. However, like our peasants in the North, they are bursting with vitality and capable of surviving any hardship or oppression. I pay tribute to them because they symbolize our peasants in the North and, in particular, the spirit of honesty, tenacity and forging ahead a spirit central to our struggle for national liberation. The reactionary diehards, who despise and snub the common people, can do whatever they like to eulogize the elite nanmu (which is also tall, straight and good-looking) and look down upon the common, fast-growing white poplar. I, for my part, wilt be loud in my praise of the latter!
解析    1．白杨不是平凡的树，它在西北极普遍，不被人重视，就跟北方农民相似，它有极强的生命力，磨折不了，压迫不倒，也跟北方农民相似。
   汉语重意合，英语重形合。汉译英时应将原文中隐性的逻辑关系转化为显性，使用适合的连接手段，达到语篇连贯。如本句译文中but和however的使用：White poplars are no ordinary trees．But these common trees in North west China are as much ignored as our peasants in the North．However，like our peasants  in the North， they are bursting with Vitality and capable of surviving any hardship or oppression．
   2．在语义衔接方式上，汉语多用重复，英语多用替代。原文“它有极强的生命力，磨折不了，压迫不倒”用一个survive合译为：they are bursting with vitality and capable of surviving any hardship or oppression．原文“我赞美白杨树，就因为它不但象征了北方的农民，尤其象征了今天我们民族解放斗争中所不可缺的朴质、坚强以及力求上进的精神。”两个“象征”用一个symbolize合译为：I pay tribute to them because they symbolize our peasants in the North and，in particular，the spirit of honesty，tenacity and forging ahead-- a spirit central to our struggle for national liberation．原文“去鄙视这极常见、极易生长的白杨罢，但是我要高声赞美白杨树!”译文中第二个“白杨”用the letter替代：100k down upon the common，fast-growing white poplar．I，for my part， will be loud in my praise of the latter!
   3．汉语的名词短语(NP)的修饰语一般前置，英语的名词短语的修饰语较短的一般前置，较长的一般后置。原文中有2例长修饰语，在译文中后置。今天我们民族解放斗争中所不可缺的朴质、坚强以及力求上进的精神：the spirit of honesty，tenacity and forging ahead--a spirit central to our struggle for national liberation.那些看不起民众，贱视民众，顽固的倒退的人们：The reactionary diehards，who despise and snub the common people。
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