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  3. Recently, CAS(中国科学院) members warn in a consultative report submitted to the central authorities that in 2008, the number of Chin

Recently, CAS(中国科学院) members warn in a consultative report submitted to the central authorities that in 2008, the number of Chin

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问题     Recently, CAS(中国科学院) members warn in a consultative report submitted to the central authorities that in 2008, the number of Chinese people aged 65 or older had reached 90.62 million, accounting for 7.1 % of. the total population, which indicates that China has entered the era of an aging society. What’s your opinion about this aging problem? Write an essay of about 400 words. You should supply an appropriate title for your essay.
    In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.
    Marks will be awarded for content, organization , language and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.
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答案 Aging of Population in China Many countries will experience aging populations in the next century because of declining birth and mortality rates. And China will soon join their ranks. According to a consultative report from CAS members to the central authorities, the percentage of the people aged beyond 65 making up 7.1 percent of the total population, amounting to 90.62 million. That means China has stepped into an aging era. In face of this unavoidable problem, we need to keep a level head to have an all-sided view over its influences, and to take some necessary countermeasures to deal with it. The aging population will have wide-ranging and deep-going influences on the country’s socio-economic development and the people’s livelihood. It is asserted that, as a country with an economy that is not highly developed, China is in a dilemma when facing the problems of both an aging population and population control. Firstly, with families becoming smaller, it is even graver for families to care for aged members adequately. Ever since the adoption of family planning policy, each family has only one child, which leads to the turning up of a new style of extended family—a young couple with four aged parents. Because of the limited energy and financial support, few young couples are able to offer adequate care to the elders, who, consequently, have to mainly depend on their pensions and social welfare institutions. Besides, aging causes a relative decline in working force in that more people have to be allocated to care for the increasing aged people. It’s not hard to draw the picture clear that, with a declining young working force and a bulgy retired group, the social working force structure is turning into a triangle down. Consequently, the productivity of the whole society is affected to some extent. The rapidity of the population’s aging has made it more urgent for the adoption of countermeasures. No doubt the key is to build a solid economic foundation; however, what has been neglected is the importance that shall be attached to overall social progress by changing the attitude towards the elders and the backward situation in social security and welfare service. On one hand, with regard to the two problems mentioned in the previous paragraph, the government should solve the problems concerning old people’ s social security and medical services especially in rural areas, and establish a pension system for those in small cities and townships, so as to help the young generation take better care of the old. And a public ethic supportive of old people should be encouraged, so the family care and community services will be improved accordingly. On the other hand, a correct attitude towards the aging phenomenon must be introduced. While having comprehensively recognized the potential influences caused by an aging population, we should not over-emphasize its negative impact: this puts unfair mental pressure on old people. Instead, our society must give full play to old people’s ability to play useful roles and encourage them to adapt to social reality. In this way, many old people will retake their previous jobs, if health permitting, or find other ways to contribute to our society. Then the pressure of working force might be relieved to a certain extent. With all the above influences analyzed and the relative measures suggested, we should develop an all-round view over the aging problem in China. It is an urgent issue demanding immediate attention from the public, but it should not be over-emphasized because if we take a positive attitude and effective measures, it is not a so hard nut to crack.
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