首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Florence Nightingale is most remembered as a pioneer of nursing and a reformer of hospital sanitation methods. For most of her n
Florence Nightingale is most remembered as a pioneer of nursing and a reformer of hospital sanitation methods. For most of her n
admin
2011-10-20
40
问题
Florence Nightingale is most remembered as a pioneer of nursing and a reformer of hospital sanitation methods. For most of her ninety years, Nightingale pushed for reform of the British military health-care system and with that the profession of nursing started to gain the respect it deserved. Unknown to many, however, was her use of new techniques, of statistical analysis, such as during the Crimean War when she plotted the incidence of preventable deaths in the military. She developed a method to prevent the needless deaths caused by unsanitary conditions and the need for reform. With her analysis, Florence Nightingale revolutionized the idea that social phenomena could be objectively measured and subjected to mathematical analysis. She was an innovator in the collection, interpretation, and display of statistics.
Florence Nightingale’s two greatest life achievements-pioneering of nursing and the reform of hospitals-were amazing considering that most Victorian women of her age group did not attend universities or pursue professional careers. It was her father, William Nightingale, who believed women, especially his children, should get an education. So Nightingale and her sister learned Italian, Latin, Greek, history, and mathematics. She in particular received excellent early preparation in mathematics.
During Nightingale’s time at Scutari, she collected data and systematized record-keeping practices. Nightingale was able to use the data as a tool for improving city and military hospitals. Nightingale’s calculations of the death rate showed that with an improvement of sanitary methods, deaths would decrease. In February, 1855, the death rate at the hospital was 42.7 percent of the cases treated. When Nightingale’s sanitary reform was implemented, the death rate declined. Nightingale took her statistical data and represented them graphically.
As Nightingale demonstrated, statistics provided an organized way of learning and lead to improvements in medical and surgical practices. She also developed a Model Hospital Statistical Form for hospitals to collect and generate consistent data and statistics. She became a Fellow of the Royal Statistical Society in 1858 and an honorary member of the American Statistical Association in 1874. Karl Pearson acknowledged Nightingale as a "prophetess" in the development of applied statistics.
What does the word "sanitation" mean in the passage?
选项
A、Medication.
B、Cleanness.
C、Nursing.
D、Reforms
答案
B
解析
词义题;这个词在全文中多次出现,因为是主人公Nightingale的主要贡献的一个方面,虽然大部分考生在考前可能不认识这个单词,但阅读中考查我们的是通过上下文的关系来推测词汇含义的能力。通过文章中的分析,我们可以知道,这个词指的是和卫生条件有关的含义,也就是医院等从事医疗服务的机构,它的环境是否足够清洁,符合这个意思的是B选项。其他选项分别表示A医疗,C护理,D改革;将这些意思带回原文,在上下文中都是不通顺的。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/pW0RFFFM
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
I______thepartymuchiftherehadn’tbeenquitesuchacrowdofpeoplethere.
Manypeoplefeltsympathy______theunfortunatefamilyanddonatemoneytothem.
Themajorityofpeople,aboutnineoutoften,areright-handed.【C1】______untilrecently,peoplewhowereleft-handedwerecons
Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatextaboutfivepossiblescientificbreakthroughsinthe21stcentury.Choosethe
WecanlearnfromthebeginningofthetextthatWhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?
WecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthatintheworldtheschemeoftollingsystemsisTheimplementationofroadpricingin
Humanbeingsinalltimesandplacesthinkabouttheirworldandwonderattheirplaceinit.Humansarethoughtfulandcrea
Judgingbythe$23billionitearnedlastyear,theseshouldbethebestoftimesforShell,theAnglo-Dutchenergygiantthatr
ImmediatelyaftertheCivilWar,however,thedietbegantochange.(46)Railtransportationincreasedthesupplyandimproved,t
In1957adoctorinSingaporenoticedthathospitalsweretreatinganunusualnumberofinfluenza-likecases.Influenzaissomet
随机试题
一箱书,平均分给6个小朋友,多余1本;平均分给8个小朋友,也多余一本;平均分给9个小朋友,也多余一本,这箱书最少有m本,则m的各个数位之和为()。
试计算生产1t100%H2SO4需含75%FeS2的硫铁矿的理论用量?(假定硫铁矿按普通焙烧方法计算。即烧碴中的Fe以Fe2O3的形式存在)
关于泌尿系统的叙述,错误的是
在下颌骨内侧面,位于二腹肌窝后上方的腺窝是
遗传物质受损主要表现为染色体畸变或基因突变,并导致遗传病。()
【背景资料】某施工单位承担了一项道路工程的施工任务。工程开工前,项目经理部编制了项目管理实施规划并报监理单位审批,监理工程师审查后,建议施工单位通过调整个别工序作业时间的方法,将路基施工进度计划工期控制在210d内,如图3—1所示。施工单位通过
企业联盟的主要形式是()。
根据《增值税暂行条例》规定,纳税人发生下列()视同销售货物行为,其纳税义务的发生时间为货物移送的当天。
下列费用中不得从生育保险基金中支付的有()。
•Youwillheararadiointerviewbetweenaneconomistandajournalist.•Foreachquestion(23-30),markoneIetter(A,BorC)f
最新回复
(
0
)