On this day, we gather because we have chosen hope over fear, unity of purpose over conflict and discord. On this day, we come t

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问题 On this day, we gather because we have chosen hope over fear, unity of purpose over conflict and discord. On this day, we come to proclaim an end to the petty grievances and false promises, the recriminations and worn out dogmas, that for far too long have strangled our politics.
In reaffirming the greatness of our nation, we understand that greatness is never a given. It must be earned. Our journey has never been one of short-cuts or settling for less. It has not been the path for the faint-hearted—for those who prefer leisure over work, or seek only the pleasures of riches and fame. Rather, it has been the risk-takers, the doers, the makers of things—some celebrated but more often men and women obscure in their labor, who have carried us up the long, rugged path towards prosperity and freedom.
For us, they packed up their few worldly possessions and traveled across oceans in search of a new life. For us, they toiled in sweatshops and settled the west; endured the lash of the whip and plowed the hard earth. For us, they fought and died, in places like Concord and Gettysburg; Normandy and Khe Sahn.

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答案 今天,我们齐聚一堂,因为我们战胜了恐惧而选择了希望,放弃了冲突和矛盾而选择了众志成城。今天,我们在此宣告:我们将终止琐碎的抱怨和虚假的承诺,结束互相指责,打破陈规旧条——这一切已将美国政坛束缚得太久。 在重申我们国家伟大之处的同时,我们明白,伟大绝非是上天赐予的,伟大需要努力赢得。我们的历程从来都不是走捷径或退而求其次的历程。这条道路不属于胆小懦弱之徒——那些好逸恶劳或只图名利享受之辈。相反,这条路属于冒险家、实干家和创造者——其中不乏盛名之士,但大多数都是默默无闻地在各自岗位上耕耘的男男女女,他们引领我们走向通往繁荣和自由的漫长、崎岖之路。 为了我们,先辈们打起寥寥行装,远涉重洋,追求新的生活。为了我们,先辈们在血汗工厂里辛勤劳作,定居他乡,忍着鞭笞之痛,在坚硬的土地上耕耘。为了我们,先辈们誓死奋战,在康科德、葛底斯堡、诺曼底和溪山等战场慷慨赴义。

解析 1.第一段第一句中because后面有两个含over的并列结构,在译文中同样做并列处理,这样可以更好地传达原文的神韵。unity of purpose直译就是“目的的统一”,但鉴于本文是演说类题材,用语应具有文采,因此可翻译为成语“众志成城”。
2.第一段第二句句子较长,we是主语,come to proclaim是谓语,an end作宾语,to后面为定语,最后为that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词the petty grievances and false promises,the recriminationsand worn out dogmas。其中proclaim an end to指“终止……”;petty grievances指“琐碎的抱怨”;false promises指“不能兑现的承诺,虚假的承诺”;recriminations指“互相指责”;wornout dogmas指“陈规旧条”;strangled指“抑制……发展;束缚”。
3.第二段第三句中,settling for的意思是“勉强接受,将就”,settling for less即“退而求其次”。
4.第二段第四句中,faint—hearted的意思是“胆怯的”;prefer sth.over sth.的意思是“喜爱某物胜过另一物”,prefer leisure over work即“好逸恶劳”;the pleasures of riches and fame译为“名利享受”。
5.第三段第二句中,they译作“先辈们”,这是因为奥巴马演说前文的铺垫,如不知晓前文,译作“他们”也可;settled the west直译是“在西部安家”,奥巴马这里遥指始于18世纪末的美国西进运动,一场群众性的移民运动,可译作“定居他乡”,避免需要补充注释提供史情介绍。
6.第三段最后一句中出现了四个地名,其中Concord“康科德”,是美国独立战争打响第一枪的马萨诸塞州小城;Gettysburg“葛底斯堡”,是美国南北战争中一次重要战役的所在地;Normandy“诺曼底”,是二战时期盟军在欧洲西线登陆的战场;Khe Sahn“溪山”,是越战中著名的“溪山战役”的战场。本句中有两个谓语动词:fought和died,我们不按原文做并列处理,而是按照事件的发生顺序翻译,先译出“誓死奋战”,后译出“慷慨赴义”。
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