The most effective means of communication is employed in all of the following forms EXCEPT______.

Propaganda media are categorized by methods of dissemination:  face-to-face (interpersonal), audiovisual, audio, and visual.
     Face-to-face (interpersonal) communication is the most effective means of transmitting a persuasive message.  It is employed in rallies,  rumor campaigns,  group discussions,  lectures,  show-and-tell demonstrations, social organizations, social activities, entertainment, and individual person-to-person contact, all providing a participating experience for the individual or group to recall later.
     Audiovisual media such as television, electronic tape recordings, and sound motion pictures are the second most effective means of communication available to the psychological operator. Effectiveness is based on seeing and hearing the persuasive message. These media are an excellent means of transmitting persuasive messages and eliciting a high degree of recall.
     Audio media (loudspeakers and radio) lend themselves to the transmission of brief, simple messages and to personalization by use of the human voice. They require little or no effort by the audience, and generally, they have more appeal than visual media. Also, the barrier of illiteracy may be more easily overcome with audio media than with visual media (printed material).
     Visual media can transmit long, complex material. Animated or still cartoons may be used to convey themes to illiterate and preliterate target audiences. Visual media generally have the least amount of popular appeal.
     Themes are reinforced and the target audience given broad coverage by using several media to deliver the same basic message.  For example, radio and television can augment leaflets; face-to-face communication can support newspaper circulation.