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  3. During the last 15 years, the Earth’s surface temperature rose at a rate of 0.04°C a decade, far slower than the 0.18℃ increase

During the last 15 years, the Earth’s surface temperature rose at a rate of 0.04°C a decade, far slower than the 0.18℃ increase

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问题     During the last 15 years, the Earth’s surface temperature rose at a rate of 0.04°C a decade, far slower than the 0.18℃ increase in the 1990s. Meanwhile, emissions of carbon dioxide rose【C1】______This pause in warming has raised【C2】______in the public mind about climate change. A few skeptics say that global warming has stopped. Others argue scientists’ understanding of the climate is so flawed that their judgments cannot be【C3】______with any confidence. A convincing explanation of the pause therefore【C4】______both to a proper understanding of the climate and to the【C5】______of climate science.
    As evidence piled up that temperatures were not rising much, some scientists【C6】______it as a pause. The temperature had fallen for much longer periods twice in the past century or so,【C7】______the general trend was up. Variability is part of the climate system and a 15-year【C8】______was not worth getting excited about.
    An【C9】______way of looking at the pause’s significance was to say there had been a slowdown. Most records don’t include measurements from the Arctic, which has been wanning faster than anywhere else. Using satellite data to【C10】______the missing Arctic numbers, scientists put the overall rate of global warming at 0.12℃ a decade. A study by NASA puts the "Arctic【C11】______" over the same period【C12】______lower, at 0.07°C a decade, but that is still not【C13】______.
    It is also worth remembering that average warming is not the only【C14】______of climate change. According to a study, the number of hot days, the number of extremely hot days and the【C15】______of warm periods all【C16】______during the pause. A more stable average temperature hides wider extremes.
    Still, attempts to【C17】______that stable average have not been convincing, partly because of the conflict between【C18】______temperatures and rising CO2 emissions, and partly because observed temperatures are now falling【C19】______the range climate models predict. The models embody the state of climate knowledge. If they are wrong, the knowledge is probably【C20】______too. Hence, scientists still attempt hard to interpret the pause.
【C11】
选项 A、statistic
B、effect
C、warming
D、cooling
答案B
解析 本段第二、三句介绍了北极对全球气温上升的影响。B项effect“影响，效果”代入后可表明科学家针对北极的影响做研究。此外，也可参考常见短语“global warming effect”作答。
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