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  3. Technology greatly helps a lot of people. Teens use computers or mobile phones to do homework, communicate and sharing pictures

Technology greatly helps a lot of people. Teens use computers or mobile phones to do homework, communicate and sharing pictures

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问题          Technology greatly helps a lot of people. Teens use computers or mobile phones to do homework, communicate and sharing pictures with their friends and to have some fun. Internet holds a huge amount of information and teenagers can get almost anything they want to know from their smart phones or computers. However, at the same time, scientists and educators become more and more concerned that the frequent use of mobile phones from an early age may lead to physical and cognitive problems.
         Our increasing dependence on smartphones has given rise to the term "nomophobia" or "no-mobile-phone phobia". If someone has nomophobia, it means that he or she feels uneasy when being unable to use mobile phones. One survey from the UK showed that 66% of respondents have some form of nomophobia and 41% of them said they had two or more phones.
         Smartphone addiction could be changing your brain. A study from South Korea conducted on teenagers showed that the brains of those who were addicted to phones had higher levels of a neurotransmitter which could lead to weak brain control and attention.
         "It’s a very small study, so you have to take it with a grain of salt," said Stanford neuroradiologist Dr. Max Wintermark, an expert who was not connected with the research. "It’s the first study that I read about internet addiction. But there are many studies that link alcohol, drug and other types of addiction to the neurotransmitter changes in the brain. "
         Another study got similar result. Too little sleep and too much screen time were clearly linked to a drop-off in cognitive skills, such as language ability, memory and the ability to finish a task, according to the report published by The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health. "We found that more than two hours of recreational screen time in children was associated with poorer cognitive development," says lead author Jeremy Walsh, a researcher at the Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute.
         "Based on our findings, paediatricians, parents, educators and policymakers should promote limiting recreation screen time and prioritising healthy sleep routines during childhood and adoles cence."
         Walsh and his team looked at data—based on detailed questionnaires—for 4,520 children spread across 20 locations in the United States.
         They also tested the kids for six kinds of cognitive skills, adjusting the results for household income, puberty development and other factors that might affect performance.
         The results were measured against the Canadian 24-hour Movement Guidelines for children.
         For sleep and exercise, the recommendations align with those of the World Health Organization, but Canada is the first country to propose limits for time spent in front of a back-lit screen.
What strategy did the author apply to explain the harms of the smart phones?
选项 A、By presenting theories.
B、By citing research data.
C、By telling us some stories.
D、By using famous people’s words.
答案B
解析 推断题。题干：作者运用了什么策略来解释智能手机的危害?文章第三段首句“Smartphone addiction could be changing your brain.(智能手机上瘾可能会改变你的大脑)”就点明了智能手机危害人的大脑；接着作者通过引用韩国对青少年进行的一项研究来说明智能手机成瘾可能会导致大脑控制力变弱和注意力不集中。第五段前两句“Another study got similar result. Too little sleep and too much screen time were clearly linked to a drop-off in cognitive skills，such as language ability，memory and the ability to finish a task，according to the report published by The Lancet Child & A dolescent Health.(另一项研究得出了相似的结果。根据发表在《柳叶刀儿童与青少年健康》上的一份报告，睡眠不足和长时间看屏幕与认知能力，如语言能力、记忆力和完成任务的能力下降有明显关联)”通过引用研究报告来说明智能手机对认知能力的危害。综合以上分析可知，作者是通过引用研究数据来解释智能手机的危害的，故B项“引用研究数据”正确。A项“通过提出理论”、C项“通过给我们讲故事”和D项“通过使用名人的话语”均与文章不符，故答案为B。
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