首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Language means that we have self-consciousness, which makes us a unique species able to control ourselves and our environments i
Language means that we have self-consciousness, which makes us a unique species able to control ourselves and our environments i
admin
2014-04-20
43
问题
Language means that we have self-consciousness, which makes us a unique species able to control ourselves and our environments in ways that other animals cannot. However, a visit to the Monkey Sanctuary, near Looe in Cornwall, provided striking evidence of connections between monkey mother-child relations and that in humans.
The monkeys there have usually been badly deprived of love or maltreated by humans. The scientists use their understanding and painstaking care to nurture the monkeys back to a more stable emotional state. As a review paper shows, there are important parallels between the impact of early maltreatment in other mammals and humans, and key implications for prevention of human emotional problems.
The kind of early care a monkey receives precisely predicts its brain chemistry and the kind of adult it will become. Rhesus monkeys separated from their mothers at birth and reared without an alternative parent, only with their peers until the age of six months, are more easily scared of strangers and unfamiliar experiences than mother-reared ones.
When threatened by social separation or isolation in later life, those monkeys separated from their mothers at birth have different brain and body chemistry. When they become mothers themselves, they are significantly more neglectful or abusive of their offspring than those who were mother-reared, repeating the cycle of deprivation.
The similarity in mothering across generations could be simply a genetic inheritance, but this has been disproved. The amount of contact with the particular daughter has been compared with the mother’s average for all of her daughters. A daughter’s subsequent mothering reflects her particular experience rather than the average for all of her sisters. The unique care received determines subsequent pattern of mothering, rather than a genetic tendency inherited from the mother.
Another theory is that a genetically difficult baby could make the mother uncaring. This was contradicted by a study of what are called highly reactive infant monkeys—ones that are very difficult to care for because they overreact to the slightest sound or movement.
They were fostered out to either average mothers or exceptionally nurturing ones. The exceptionally nurtured young monkeys grew up even more socially well-adjusted than normal infants fostered by average mothers. Nurture was so influential, in other words, that it could turn a difficult infant into a superior adult. Furthermore, when the generation of offspring in the study grew up and themselves had infants, their parenting style, whether exceptionally nurturing or average, exactly mirrored the kind of care they had received as infants. This was regardless of whether their original infant personality had been highly reactive or not.
Much of what goes for monkeys seems to go for humans too. It’s a simple but important point: babies and toddlers need consistent loving care if they are to grow up secure and mentally healthy. Well-conceived and executed interventions that improve mother-infant relationships can make all the difference.
What do we know about mother-reared rhesus monkeys?
选项
A、They only stay with their peers until the age of six months.
B、They are not easily frightened by strange people and events.
C、Their brain and body chemistry may be remarkably changed.
D、They abuse or ignore their offspring when becoming mothers.
答案
B
解析
细节题。对于两种不同环境(母亲亲自养育和没有母亲养育)下长大的恒河猴的对比,主要在第三、四两段中有所论述。根据第三段最后一句话,没有母亲养育的恒河猴对陌生人和不熟悉的环境都更容易感到害怕,据此可以反推出,有母亲养育的猴子不易在陌生的人和环境面前受到惊吓,故[B]为答案。根据第三段第二句,[A]“在六个月之前都只和同伴待在一起”是没有母亲养育的猴子的特点,故将其排除。同理,根据第四段第一句,与母亲分开的小猴脑部化学构成会发生变化,但未提及身体,因此[C]项不仅是母亲喂养的幼猴的特征,还添加了文章未提及的内容。而[D]“它们成为母亲后会虐待或忽视它们的后代”也是没有母亲喂养的幼猴的特点,故也不符合文意,应排除。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/4BYRFFFM
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Therehasbeenadiscussionrecentlyontheissueofchallengeinanewspaper.Writeanessayofabout200wordstothenewspaper
Withonlyabout1,000pandasleftintheworld,Chinaisdesperatelytryingtoclonetheanimalandsavetheendangeredspecies.
AccordingtocomScore,Facebookistheleadingsocialnetworkingsitebasedonmonthlyuniquevisitors,havingovertakenmainco
AccordingtocomScore,Facebookistheleadingsocialnetworkingsitebasedonmonthlyuniquevisitors,havingovertakenmainco
Theenergycontainedinrockwithintheearth’scrustrepresentsanearlyunlimitedenergysource,butuntilrecentlycommercial
Whethertoteachyoungchildrenasecondlanguageisdisputedamongteachers,researchersandpushyparents.Ontheonehand,ac
Whethertoteachyoungchildrenasecondlanguageisdisputedamongteachers,researchersandpushyparents.Ontheonehand,ac
GeneralWesleyClarkrecentlydiscoveredaholeinhispersonalsecurity—hiscellphone.Aresourcefulblogger,hopingtocall
GeneralWesleyClarkrecentlydiscoveredaholeinhispersonalsecurity—hiscellphone.Aresourcefulblogger,hopingtocall
Supposeyourmotherhascometoseeyouandtonightyouwillsleepintheroomshehasbookedinahotelnearyouruniversity.W
随机试题
A.肝内胆管结石B.胆总管结石。胆囊结石C.胰头癌D.胆管癌E.先天性胆管囊肿中年女性,反复发作右上腹痛3年,发作时伴呕吐,数小时后缓解,2天前因进油餐后再次发作上腹痛,伴高热、寒战及黄疸,右上腹及上腹压痛,肝区叩击痛,经手术治疗后症状缓解,黄
下列极限等于1的是()
患者,男,28岁。高热烦躁,神昏谵语,口干舌燥,痰涎壅盛,舌绛,脉数。治宜选用()。
86下列有关粉碎目的的论述中,错误的是
患者,男性,56岁,肝硬化病史7年,此次因腹水入院治疗,某日大量利尿放腹水后出现肝性脑病,导致该患者肝性脑病最主要的诱因是()。
代表业主与业主大会选聘的物业服务企业签订物业服务合同的是()。
苏格拉底教学法包括()。
基于排版的需要,标题文字可能需要对齐。在HTML文件中,如果把标题文字向右对齐,下面写法正确的是()。
对于干部引咎辞职,请问你怎么看?
注意事项1.申论考试是对应考者阅读理解能力、综合分析能力、提出和解决问题能力、文字表达能力和贯彻执行能力的测试。2.作答参考时限:阅读材料30分钟,作答90分钟。3.仔细阅读给定资料,按照后面提出的“作答要求”依次作答。4.考生可以在
最新回复
(
0
)