首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Municipal bans on smoking in restaurants and bars are highly controversial, but history shows they can also be highly effective.
Municipal bans on smoking in restaurants and bars are highly controversial, but history shows they can also be highly effective.
admin
2022-06-18
40
问题
Municipal
bans on smoking in restaurants and bars are highly controversial, but history shows they can also be highly effective. But are all smoking bans equally successful?
The barkeeper and blogger who writes as "Scribbler50" was outraged when, in 2003, New York City enacted one of the first comprehensive smoking bans in bars and restaurants, "How can a guy and some board just kick us in the teeth like this? This smacks of fascism." If people are aware of the consequences of smoking or visiting places with lots of secondhand smoke, should the government really have to tell us what to do? Won’t people just vote with their feet and smoke even more when they’re at home and away from restrictions?
Scribbler50’s post inspired the physician who blogs as "PalMD" last week to look up the research on the effectiveness of smoking bans. He found several studies showing that not only did workers in restaurants and bars show improved health shortly after the bans were put in place, but smokers themselves also reduced the number of cigarettes they smoked.
Overall, however, smoking rates remain persistently high, despite the common workplace smoking bans. Can other government measures help these smokers live healthier lives, or at least prevent people from taking up the habit?
In the U.S., warning messages have been in place on cigarette packages for decades. But the messages are rather clinical, for example: "Smoking Causes Lung Cancer, Heart Disease, and May Complicate Pregnancy." What if packages contained more dramatic warnings? In January, psychologist and science writer Christian Jarrett looked at a small study of smokers’ reactions to cigarette warnings. The researchers measured self-esteem in student smokers, then showed them cigarette packages with either death-related warnings ("Smokers die earlier") or esteem-related warnings ("Smoking makes you unattractive"). Students who derived self-esteem from smoking and saw the death-related warnings later viewed smoking more positively than those who saw the esteem-related warnings. For students whose smoking wasn’t motivated by self-esteem, the effect was reversed.
So not all anti-smoking messages are equal: Depending on who the message is directed at, a morbid warning on a cigarette label may actually
backfire
.
Scribbler50 for his part, is now a convert favoring smoking restrictions, at least in his narrow limits as a bartender. His patrons who haven’t quit smoking say they smoke a lot less now that they have to go outside to get a nicotine fix. He doesn’t miss emptying ashtrays, or the holier-than-thou customers who complained every time a fellow patron lit up, or working in a smoke-filled bar all night and going home "smelling like you put out a three-alarm".
Would it be right to enact even more restrictions on smoking in the interest of public health? It’s hard to deny that banning smoking in public, indoor spaces has been a huge success. Why not try out some stronger smoking bans? Parents in some areas are already restricted from smoking in cars with children, but I haven’t seen a study that evaluates the success of those measures. Perhaps a state or municipality could try extending the ban to homes, with provisions for studying the results. It’s also possible that stronger measures would be counter-productive, like the stronger warnings on cigarette labels. Maybe we’ll decide that at some level deciding whether or not to smoke should still be an individual choice. Or maybe in a few generations, it won’t be necessary to regulate smoking: There won’t be any smokers left.
According to Christian Jarrett, which of the following signs can make a student motivated by self-esteem stop smoking?
选项
A、Cherish Your Health and Stop Smoking.
B、Smoking Makes Yow Heart Stop Beating Earlier.
C、Enjoy a Cigarette and Regret a Whole Life.
D、You Look More Charming Without a Cigarette.
答案
D
解析
第5段倒数第二句是Christian Jarrett研究的一个结论。由该结论可看出,对于从吸烟获得自尊的学生而言,与死亡有关的吸烟警告效果不好,与自尊有关的警告效果好。回看前一句,与自尊有关的警 告是Smoking makes you unattractive这种类型,故选D“不吸烟更有魅力”。同时排除A“珍惜健康,停止吸烟”、B“吸烟,心跳更早停止”和C“享受一支香烟,后悔整个人生”。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/vSwYFFFM
本试题收录于:
CATTI三级笔译综合能力题库翻译专业资格(CATTI)分类
0
CATTI三级笔译综合能力
翻译专业资格(CATTI)
相关试题推荐
TheChacoPhenomenonP1:Betweenabout900to1150AD,amysteriousStoneAgeculturearose,flourished,andthenvanishedinth
TheChacoPhenomenonP1:Betweenabout900to1150AD,amysteriousStoneAgeculturearose,flourished,andthenvanishedinth
AlthoughAbotharesimilarinsizeandbehavior,theredsquirrelcanbeidentifiedbyBitscoat,Cwhichisbrighterandredder
Howdoestheprofessordevelopthetopicoftheviolinfamily?Choosetwoanswers.
IfAteacherscommunicatetheexpectationBthatcertainstudentswillCbehaveinacertainmanner,thosestudentsactuallyDdidb
Whydoesthestudenttalktohisadviser?
WearesoberlyawarethatChinaremainstheworld’slargestdevelopingcountry,withalargepopulation,weakeconomicfoundatio
Norwayis,quitenaturally,payinggreatattentiontodevelopmentsinEuropeandintheAtlanticcommunity,whicharesoinstrum
Continentalwindsblowfromthenorthwestthroughoutwinterandspring,creatingcolddryweathersuitableforwheat;insummer,
AstudypublishedthisweekintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesfoundthatnounsactuallytakelongertospit
随机试题
2004年以后,乡级人民代表大会每届任期为()
(1)基于对蛋白质基元和结构域研究所获得的结果,有人说蛋白质的三级结构比一级结构更加保守,可以对以序列分析追踪蛋白质进化上关系的系统提供一种有效的补充。是否同意这种观点,请说说你的理由。(2)离子键是推动蛋白质折叠的重要作用力吗?请说明理由。
某胎儿超声声像图如下,最可能的诊断为
医师处方并开二地时,应付
长城股份有限公司(下称“长城公司”)2015年度发生与股权投资相关的交易或事项如下:1.2015年2月3日,长城公司以银行存款按12.4元/股的价格购入黄山公司发行在外的普通股股票10万股(其中含有已宣告但尚未发放的现金股利0.4元/股),另支付相关税费
下列各项中,计入外购的投资性房地产实际成本的有()。
Onlyaftertalkingtotwostudents______thathavingstrongmotivationisoneofthebiggestfactorsinreachinggoals.
某县为了改善办学条件,计划集中采购一批投影仪和教室音响。已知购买2套教室音响比购买3台投影仪多4000元,购买4套教室音响和3台投影仪共需要71000元,则1套教室音响比1台投影仪贵:
下列各组辅音,区别特征为清浊对立的一组是()。
设A,B相互独立,只有A发生和只有B发生的概率都是,则P(A)=___________.
最新回复
(
0
)