2. 外语
  3. On May 13, 1940, Winston Churchill, the newly appointed British Prime Minister, gave his first speech to Parliament, he was prep

On May 13, 1940, Winston Churchill, the newly appointed British Prime Minister, gave his first speech to Parliament, he was prep

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问题 On May 13, 1940, Winston Churchill, the newly appointed British Prime Minister, gave his first speech to Parliament, he was preparing the people for a long battle against Nazi aggression, at a time when England’s survival was still in doubt.
"...I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears, and sweat. We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind.  We have before us many, many months of struggle and suffering.
You ask, what is our policy? I say it is to wage war by land, sea and air. War with all our might and with all the strength God has given us, and to wage war against a monstrous tyranny never surpassed in the dark and lamentable catalogue of human crime.
You ask, what is our aim? I can answer it in one word. It is victory. Victory at all costs—victory in spite of all terrors—for without victory there is no survival.
Let that be realized. No survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge, the impulse of the ages that mankind shall move forward toward his goal.
I take up my task in buoyancy and hope. I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men.  I feel entitled at this juncture, at this time, to claim the aid of all and to say, " Come then, let us go forward together with our united strength. "
选项
答案 “……我所能贡献的只有我的热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水，除此以外，再无其他。我们所面临的将是极其严峻的考验，是一场旷日持久的斗争与苦难。 如果你们问，我们的政策是什么?那就是发动陆、海、空全面战争。尽我们所能和上帝赋予我们的全部力量去战斗，与人类黑暗、可悲的罪恶史上空前凶残的暴政作战。 如果你们问，我们的目标是什么?我可以用一个词来回答，那就是胜利。不惜一切代价去夺取胜利——不惧一切恐怖去夺取胜利——因为没有胜利就无法生存下去。 我们必须让这个目标得以实现，因为没有胜利就不会有大英帝国，没有胜利就不会有大英帝国所代表的一切，没有胜利就不会有多少世纪以来促使人类朝着自己的目标奋勇前进的强烈要求和动力。”
解析 1．画线部分第一段第一句…I have nothing to…and sweat．中要注意nothing…but的含义，表示“除此以外，再无……”的意思。
2．画线部分第一段第二句We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind．中的ordeal和grievous的意思分别是“严峻的考验”和“极严重的”，the most grievous kind修饰前面的ordeal，整体可以翻译为“极其严峻的考验”。
3．画线部分第一段第二句和第三句在结构上是并列的，因此按照汉语的习惯可以把这两句话翻译成一句，使其更简洁。
4．画线部分第二段中第二句I say it is to wage…and air．中的to wage war by land，sea and air是指发动陆、海、空全面战争。wage在文中作动词，意思是“发动(战争)”。
5．画线部分第二段第三句War with all our might…catalogue of human crime．比较长，但结构简单，只需要注意几个词语的意思即可。monstrous tyranny译为“凶残的／恐怖的暴政”；surpass是“超越，超过”的意思，文中指“空前”。
6．画线部分第三段第四句中的without victory there is no survival译为“没有胜利就无法生存下去”。
7．画线部分最后一段第一句Let that be realized．中that指上段中所讲的our aim。
8．画线部分最后一段最后一句为排比结构no survival…，翻译成汉语时也要用相应的排比句式，体现原文的特点。
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