在中国,三至六岁的儿童就近上幼儿园,学识字和其他一些基本的知识。在幼儿园里,孩子们玩游戏、唱歌、跳舞和表演。他们从小就接受“真善美”的教育。之后,需要接受九年义务教育,即所有的孩子都必须上学读九年书,完成小学和初中的学业。若想继续学习,就得通过各种不同

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问题   在中国,三至六岁的儿童就近上幼儿园,学识字和其他一些基本的知识。在幼儿园里,孩子们玩游戏、唱歌、跳舞和表演。他们从小就接受“真善美”的教育。之后,需要接受九年义务教育,即所有的孩子都必须上学读九年书,完成小学和初中的学业。若想继续学习,就得通过各种不同水平的考试。升高中或中专的话,需要通过入学考试。学生经过三年的学习后,如果想上大学接受高等教育,就得通过全国大学入学统考。大学教育的目的是为国家的发展培养各种专门人才(specialist)。

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答案  In China, children aged from 3 to 6 will attend kindergartens near their neighborhoods, where they learn to read and acquire other basic knowledge. They play games, sing, dance and perform in kindergartens. Children are taught from the early years the values of Truth , Kindness and Beauty. Then they need to receive a nine-year compulsory education, which means all children are required to attend school for at least nine years. Students have to complete both the primary school program and the junior middle school program. If they want to receive further education, students have to pass examinations of different levels. For example, students must pass the entrance examination for senior middle schools or middle-level technical schools. After three years, if they want to go to universities for higher education, they have to succeed in the National College Entrance Examination. College education in China is to train specialists for all the sectors on behalf of the country’s development.

解析       1.本篇翻译与中国的教育制度有关。大家都比较熟悉这个话题,所以翻译起来难度不大。
      2.翻译第一句时,可将前半句处理为主干,后半句处理为非限制性定语从句。“三至六岁的儿童”可译为children aged from3 to 6,其中aged from 3 to 6是形容词短语作后置定语。“就近”指的是距离儿童的家较近,所以可翻译成near their neighborhoods或near their homes。
      3.第三句中,考生可能会把“接受‘真善美’的教育”翻译成receive the education of Truth,Kindness and Beauty,这种译法太宽泛了。若翻译成are taught the values of Truth,Kindness and Beauty就比较确切,因为“真善美的教育”主要是指真善美的价值观的教育。
      4.第四至六句中出现了无主语现象,这在汉语中是常见的,不过在翻译成英语时,要根据英语的习惯,补充上相应的主语。否则将是无主语的错误句子。
      5.第六句和第七句是举例说明第五句的内容:若想继续学习,就得通过各种不同水平的考试。所以,可在第六句开头用一个For example进行引导,这样就不会显得那么突兀。“中专”可译为middle-level technical schools 或者medium-level professional schools。
      6.最后一句讲的是大学的作用,所以可以用The purpose of college education in China is……句型,或者用参考译文中所给的be to do这样的表示目的的结构。
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