首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Universities Branch Out A)As never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as
Universities Branch Out A)As never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as
admin
2015-01-31
26
问题
Universities Branch Out
A)As never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as well as instruments of peace. They are the place of the scientific discoveries that move economies forward, and the primary means of educating the talent required to obtain and maintain competitive advantage. But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability.
B)In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more selfconsciously global: seeking students from around the world who represent the entire range of cultures and values, sending their own students abroad to prepare them for global careers, offering courses of study that address the challenges of an interconnected world and collaborative(合作的)research programs to advance science for the benefit of all humanity.
C)Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping than the movement across borders. Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, from 800,000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in 2004. Most travel from one developed nation to another, but the flow from developing to developed countries is growing rapidly. The reverse flow, from developed to developing countries, is on the rise, too. Today foreign students earn 30 percent of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United States and 38 percent of those in the United Kingdom. And the number crossing borders for undergraduate study is growing as well, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at America’s best institutions and 10 percent of all undergraduates in the U.K. In the United States, 20 percent of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born, and in China many newly hired faculty members at the top research universities received their graduate education abroad.
D)Universities are also encouraging students to spend some of their undergraduate years in another country. In Europe, more than 140,000 students participate in the Erasmus program each year, taking courses for credit in one of 2,200 participating institutions across the continent. And in the United States, institutions are helping place students in summer internships(实习)abroad to prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least one international study or internship opportunity—and providing the financial resources to make it possible.
E)Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghai Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95 employees and graduate students working in a 4,300-square-meter laboratory facility. Yale faculties, post-doctors and graduate students visit regularly and attend videoconference seminars with scientists from both campuses. The arrangement benefits both countries; Xu’ s Yale lab is more productive, thanks to the lower costs of conducting research in China, and Chinese graduate students, post-doctors and faculty get on-the-job training from a world-class scientist and his U.S. team.
F)As a result of its strength in science, the United States has consistently led the world in the commercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe computer and integrated circuit of the 1960s to the Internet infrastructure(基础设施)and applications software of the 1990s. The link between university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around the world, governments have encouraged copying of this model, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology companies have set up shop around the university.
G)For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the research-university model. Most politicians recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2003, but has risen more slowly than inflations since then. Support for the physical sciences and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is welcome, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term GDP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year.
H)American politicians have great difficulty recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreign-language study is well below the levels of 40 years ago. In the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U.K. Objections from American university and business leaders led to improvements in the process and a reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students.
I)Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nation’s well-being through their scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fail to grasp that welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States and—like immigrants throughout history— strengthen the nation; and second, foreign students who study in the United States become ambassadors for many of its most cherished values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere, few instruments of foreign policy are as effective in promoting peace and stability as welcoming international university students.
From 1975 to 2004, the enrollment of overseas students has increased at an annual rate of 3.9 percent.
选项
答案
C
解析
题干:从1975年到2004年,留学生的入学人数每年以3.9%的年增长率增长。题干的关键词为3.9 percent,在文中定位到C段,第二句说到每年出国留学的学生比例为3.9%,与题干吻合。故选C。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/Xh4FFFFM
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
A、Privateschoolswereexpensive.B、Teacherswerenotgoodenough.C、Womencouldn’tlearnFrench.D、Womendidn’tlikeschooling.
A、Walkthedog.B、Getoutforsomeexercise.C、Gotothepethospital.D、Gototheanimalshelter.D行动计划题。女士说想养狗,男士提到在动物收养所能够买到更
A、Hedidn’thaveenoughmoney.B、Radiosofallbrandsweresoldoutthen.C、Hecouldn’tgettherightbrandoftheradio.D、The
A、Thewomanshouldspendmoretimeonexercise.B、Thewomanshouldtryotherwaystoloseweight.C、Thewomanshoulddomoreexe
FormanyAmericans,summerisatimetoputonswimwearandspendtimeattheseaoralake.Butbeforegoinganywhere,theyma
FormanyAmericans,summerisatimetoputonswimwearandspendtimeattheseaoralake.Butbeforegoinganywhere,theyma
A、Sheoughttobuyherowncopymachine.B、Sheneedstobuyapackageofpaper.C、Shehasalreadyusedenoughpaper.D、Sheshoul
Despitethebrouhaha(骚动)overstolene-mailsfromtheUniversityofEastAnglia,thescienceofclimatechangeiswellenoughest
随机试题
请认真阅读下列材料,并按要求作答。根据上述材料完成下列任务:根据拟定的教学目标,设计新授课导入环节并说明设计意图。
A.G1期B.S期C.G2/M期D.G0期E.G0+G1期对射线最抗拒的细胞周期时相是
患者,女,32岁。近两年来间断发生尿路刺激征,不发热,尿中查到白细胞与颗粒管型。应首先考虑的是( )。
药品批准文号前注有XF者为
根据《建设项目工程总承包合同(示范文本)》,下列关于预付款支付和抵扣的说法,正确的是()。
甲公司20×1年年初的“利润分配——未分配利润”账户的借方余额为300000元,20×1年实现利润总额743000元,法定盈余公积的提取比例为10%,不提取任意盈余公积。甲公司决定向股东分配利润66450元。甲公司适用的企业所得税税率为25%,20×1年无
企业战略管理中的宏观环境分析的主要内容有()。
2009年度全国“农民工总量”为22978万人,比上年增加436万人。其中“外出农民工”14533万人,比上年增加492万人。在外出农民工中,“住户中外出农民工”11567万人,比上年增加385万人:“举家外出农民工”2966万人,比上年增加107万人。
闪光灯效应是心理学的一个术语,也称闪光灯记忆,是指个人对令人震撼的事件容易留下深刻而准确的记忆,并且记忆的准确性不随时间的推移而减弱的现象。闪光灯记忆所记之事件,多半是与个人有关的重要事件。根据上述定义,以下属于闪光灯效应的是()。
在历史规律与历史主体的相互关系中,历史主体的思想、观念、理论创新对历史进程发挥着十分重要的作用。马克思说过:理论一经掌握群众,也会变成物质力量。列宁明确指出:没有革命的理论,就没有革命的行动。这些论断表明
最新回复
(
0
)