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  3. Any fair-minded assessment of the dangers of the deal between Britain’s National Health Service (NHS) and DeepMind must start by

Any fair-minded assessment of the dangers of the deal between Britain’s National Health Service (NHS) and DeepMind must start by

admin2021-01-06  25
问题     Any fair-minded assessment of the dangers of the deal between Britain’s National Health Service (NHS) and DeepMind must start by acknowledging that both sides mean well. DeepMind is one of the leading artificial intelligence (AI) companies in the world. The potential of this work applied to health-care is very great, but it could also lead to further concentration of power in the tech giant. It is against that background that the information commissioner, Elizabeth Denham, has issued her damning verdict against the Royal Free hospital trust under the NHS, which handed over to DeepMind the records of 1. 6 million patients in 2015 on the basis of a vague agreement which took far too little account of the patients’ rights and their expectations of privacy.
    DeepMind has almost apologized. The NHS trust has mended its ways. Further arrangements— and there may be many—between the NHS and DeepMind will be carefully scrutinised to ensure that all necessary permissions have been asked of patients and all unnecessary data has been cleaned. There are lessons about informed patient consent to learn. But privacy is not the only angle in this case and not even the most important. Ms Denham chose to concentrate the blame on the NHS trust, since under existing law it "controlled" the data and DeepMind merely "processed" it. But this distinction misses the point that it is processing and aggregation, not the mere possession of bits, that gives the data value.
    The great question is who should benefit from the analysis of all the data that our lives now generate. Privacy law builds on the concept of damage to an individual from identifiable knowledge about them. That misses the way the surveillance economy works. The data of an individual there gains its value only when it is compared with the data of countless millions more.
    The use of privacy law to curb the tech giants in this instance feels slightly maladapted. This practice does not address the real worry. It is not enough to say that the algorithms DeepMind develops will benefit patients and save lives. What matters is that they will belong to a private monopoly which developed them using public resources. If software promises to save lives on the scale that drugs now can, big data may be expected to behave as big pharma has done. We are still at the beginning of this revolution and small choices now may turn out to have gigantic consequences later. A long struggle will be needed to avoid a future of digital feudalism. Ms Denham’s report is a welcome start.
According to the last paragraph, the real worry arising from this deal is________.
选项 A、the vicious rivalry among big pharmas.
B、the ineffective enforcement of privacy law.
C、the uncontrolled use of new software.
D、the monopoly of big data by tech giants.
答案D
解析 最后一段前两句提到，在此案例中使用隐私法来遏制科技巨头并没有解决真正的忧患。第三、四句提到了真正的问题，这不足以说明深度思维公司研发的算法将使患者受益并拯救生命。重要的是，这些利用公共资源研发出来的算法将归属于一个私人垄断企业。由此可知，利用大数据研发出来的成果将归属于私人垄断企业，推知大数据也被这些企业所垄断。故选D。
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