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  3. (66)GNP becomes an obsolete measure of progress in a society striving to meet people’s needs as efficient as possible and with t

(66)GNP becomes an obsolete measure of progress in a society striving to meet people’s needs as efficient as possible and with t

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问题     (66)GNP becomes an obsolete measure of progress in a society striving to meet people’s needs as efficient as possible and with the least damage to the environment. (67) What counts are not growth in output, but the quality of services rendered. (68) Bicycles and light rail, for instance, are less resource intensive forms of transportation as automobiles are, and contribute less to GNP. (69) But a shift to mass transit and cycling for most passenger trips would enhance urban life by eliminating traffic jams, reducing smog, and make cities safer for pedestrians. (70) GDP would go up, but overall well-being would increase--underscoring the need for new indicators of progress.
    (71) Likewise, investing in water-efficient applicants and irrigation systems in-stead of building more dams and diversion canals would meet water needs with less harm for to the environment. (72) Since massive water projects consume resources than efficiency investments do, GNP would tend to decline. (73) But quality of living would improve. (74) It becomes clearly that striving to boost GNP is often inappropriate and counterproductive. (75) As ecologist and philosopher Garrett Hardin puts them. "For a statesman to try to maximize the GNP is about as sensible as for a composer of music to try to maximize the number of notes in symphony."
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