A、They are more likely to smoke cigarettes. B、They are more likely not to do any exercise. C、They are 23 percent more likely to

Good afternoon! My topic today is about happy thoughts for the future. Here is a good reason to be hopeful about the future: it might help you stay alive. Findings from a new study were presented at the recent 2014 annual meeting of the American Psychosomatic Society. Researchers in the United States studied 100,000 women during an 8-year period, beginning in 2006. All of the women were 50 years of age or older.
    The women were asked questions that measured their beliefs or ideas about the future. The researchers attempted to identify each woman’s personality 8 years after gathering the information. The study found that hopeful individuals were 14 percent less likely than other women to have died from any cause. The hopeful women were also 30 percent less likely to have died from heart disease after the 8 years.
    Hilary Tindle from the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine in Pennsylvania was the lead author of the report. She said the study confirmed earlier research that linked optimistic feelings to longer life.
    The researchers also gathered information about people’s education, financial earnings, physical activity and use of alcohol or cigarettes. Independent of those things, the findings still showed that optimists had less of a chance of dying during the 8-year period.
    Some women who answered the questions were found to be cynically hostile, or highly untrusting of others. These women were 16 percent more likely to die than the others. They also were 23 percent more likely to die of cancer.
    The study also found that women who were not optimistic were more likely to smoke and have high blood pressure or diabetes. They were also more likely not to exercise. Professor Tindle says the study did not confirm whether optimism leads to healthier choices, or if it actually affects a person’s physical health. She also says the study does not prove that negative emotions or distrust lead to bad health effects and shorter life. Yet there does appear to be a link that calls for more research.
Question No. 23 When did the study in the United States begin?
Question No. 24 What questions were asked in the study by the researchers?
Question No. 25 What did the study confirm according to Professor Tindle?
Question No. 26 Which of the following is Not true about women who are not optimistic?