首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Resolving Conflict in a Multicultural Environment I. Definition of culture — Culture is a group which shapes a person’s【T1】_____
Resolving Conflict in a Multicultural Environment I. Definition of culture — Culture is a group which shapes a person’s【T1】_____
admin
2017-12-07
29
问题
Resolving Conflict in a Multicultural Environment
I. Definition of culture
— Culture is a group which shapes a person’s【T1】_____【T1】______
— Cultural identities originate from race,【T2】_____, gender, etc.【T2】______
II. Cultural assumptions Cause of cultural conflicts:
differences in values and【T3】______【T3】______
Example A:
— Women wrote excellent proposal but they failed in interview part
— They preferred to have【T4】_____ before being questioned【T4】______
Example B:
— A city in Alaska celebrated 200th year of fur Russian trader
— Native Indian tribe was offended
— The activity implied there was no【T5】_____ before【T5】______
III. Identifying cultural conflicts
Three dimensions of cultural conflicts
A. content
B.【T6】_____ issues【T6】______
C. clash of values
Three signs of identifying conflicts
— complex combinations of【T7】_____ about behaviors【T7】______
— If the previous two dimensions do not resolve the conflict, then cultural differences are the root cause
—【T8】_____ still causes conflict and emotion【T8】______
IV. Resolving cultural conflicts
Resolution 1:【T9】_____ the cultural dimension【T9】______
— acknowledgment that the conflict contains a cultural dimension
— all sides are【T10】_____ to deal with all conflict dimensions【T10】______
— systematic phased work is needed Four phases:
A.【T11】_____ of each other’s【T11】______
B. Understand cultural perception of both sides
C. Know how problems are handled【T12】_____【T12】______
D. Develop conflict solutions Resolution 2: Learning about other cultures
— Knowledge could be obtained from training programs,
reading, talking and【T13】_____【T13】______
— Acquiring a broad knowledge of【T14】_____, not stereotyping【T14】______
Resolution 3: Altering practices and procedures in the organizations
—【T15】_____ change is necessary to make system culturally sensitive【T15】______
【T11】
Resolving Conflict in a Multicultural Environment
Good morning, everyone. Today I will discuss cultural dimension in conflict and its resolution in application to local government entities. The demographic and cultural attitudes of the U.S. population are changing. Current statistical research shows that one out of four Americans is of Hispanic origin or a person of color. They would constitute the majority of the American population by the middle of the 21st century. The "melting pot" concept never became the reality. Currently, many groups prefer to maintain their traditions and beliefs and resist assimilation into Eurocentric or Anglo culture. Those demographic and perceptional changes create the necessity for governmental agencies to develop a better understanding of cultural differences and conflicts promoted by them. In today’s talk, I will briefly touch upon the definition of culture, cultural assumptions, and identify and resolve cultural conflicts.
First of all, the definition of culture.[1]Culture is a group which shapes a person’s values and identity. A single term used to define a particular culture is often exclusive. For example, the term "Hispanic" does not take into account cultural differences between Cuban-Americans and Mexican-Americans. Cultural identities can stem from the following differences:[2]race, ethnicity, gender, class, religion, country of origin and geographic region.
Secondly, about cultural assumptions.[3]Cultural conflicts arise because of the differences in values and norms of behavior of people from different cultures. A person acts according to the values and norms of his or her culture; another person holding a different worldview might interpret his or her behavior from an opposite standpoint. This situation creates misunderstanding and can lead to conflict. Often people of the mainstream America, the Anglo culture, perceive their behaviors and beliefs as an ultimate norm, forgetting that Anglo culture is just one of the multiple cultures existing in the USA They are often unable to perceive their own cultural distinctiveness. For example, a group of women wrote an excellent and detailed proposal, but did badly during the interview part of the evaluation. It happened because those women came from a culture where establishing personal relationships precedes business relationships.[4]These women felt uncomfortable when government officials did not allow time for casual conversation and immediately moved toward firing questions at them. The following case exemplifies how unintentionally one cultural group can hurt the feelings of the other. The city of Kenai, Alaska was planning a celebration of 200 years since the first Russian fur traders came to the region.[5]A Native Indian tribe which lived in Alaska for a thousand years was offended by the implication that before the Russians came to the region there was no civilization there. As a result the celebration turned to a year-long event and Native Indian culture became its basis. By the end of the celebration, the Kenai Bicentennial Visitors and Cultural Center was completed. Thus, accommodation of different cultural interests helped the region to recognize its historical past.
Thirdly, identifying cultural conflicts. Cultural conflict has three dimensions.[6]To the two dimensions that every conflict has—content and relational—cultural conflict adds the third one—"a clash of cultural values." This third dimension constitutes the foundation of the conflict since it determines personal identity. Cultural conflict can be identified by the following signs:(1)it usually has complicated dynamics.[7]Cultural differences mentioned above tend to create complex combinations of expectations about one’s own and others’ behaviors.(2)If addressing content and relational issues does not resolve the conflict, it can be rooted in cultural differences.(3)[8]Conflict reoccurs or raises strong emotions even though the issue of disagreement is insignificant.
Finally, when we identify the cultural conflicts, how could we resolve them? The resolution of cross-cultural conflict begins with identifying whether cultural issues are involved. There are three ways of cross-cultural conflict resolution.
Resolution 1:[9]Probing for the cultural dimension. The resolution process should start from the parties’ acknowledgment that their conflict contains a cultural dimension.[10]Next, there should be willingness on all sides to deal with all conflict dimensions including the cultural one. Third, systematic phased work on the conflict is needed. One expert has identified four phases:(1)[11]the parties describe what they find offensive in each other’s behavior,(2)they get an understanding of the other party’s cultural perceptions;(3)[12]they learn how the problem would be handled in the culture of the opponent;(4)they develop conflict solutions. Resolution of the conflict is particularly complicated if the conflict arose not just out of misunderstanding of the other’s behavior, but because of incompatible values.
Resolution 2: Learning about other cultures. People can prevent cross-cultural conflicts by learning about cultures that they come in contact with.[13]This knowledge can be obtained through training programs, general reading, talking to people from different cultures, and learning from past experiences. Important aspects of cultural education are understanding your own culture and developing cultural awareness[14]by acquiring a broad knowledge of values and beliefs of other cultures, rather than looking at them through the prism of cultural stereotypes.
Resolution 3: Altering organizational practices and procedures. Often the organizational structure reflects the norms of just one culture and inherits the cultural conflict.[15]In such cases, structural change becomes necessary to make the system more sensitive to cultural norms of other people.
All right. In closing, I would like to reiterate that conflict, depending on the outcome, can be a positive or negative experience for an organization. With changing demographics, cultural differences become an acute issue. Many groups resist assimilation and wish to preserve their cultural distinctiveness, which makes cultural conflict education an essential tool for mamtaining healthy relations in organizations and society in general. I hope my talk today has helped detect the cultural conflicts and you will be able to resolve them with ease.
选项
答案
Identify offensive behaviors//Describe offensive behaviors
解析
根据原文describe what they find offensive in each other’s behavior,此处需要考生进行归纳,填Identify offensive behaviors或Describe offensive behaviors均可。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/BoZMFFFM
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Communicationinaforeignlanguagemustinvolvebothteachersandpupilsusingthetargetlanguageasthenormalmeansofcomm
Communicationinaforeignlanguagemustinvolvebothteachersandpupilsusingthetargetlanguageasthenormalmeansofcomm
Communicationinaforeignlanguagemustinvolvebothteachersandpupilsusingthetargetlanguageasthenormalmeansofcomm
Allsocialunitsdevelopaculture.Evenintwo-personrelationshipsaculturedevelopsintime.Infriendshipandromanticrela
A、Englishliterature.B、Computer.C、Businessadministration.D、Finance.C
A、Thepersonwholikestotravelaround.B、Thepersonwholikestoborrowmoney.C、Thepersonwhoisalwaysaskedtolendmoney.
A、Extendingschoolyearcanreducethequalityofthetimeinclass.B、Itseemsquiteshort-sightedtoMiriam.C、Extendingschoo
Itcouldbearguedthathumanbeingsareaspeciesofanimal.However,theuniquecharacteristics,whichmakesmankinddifferent
PASSAGETHREEWhattypeofliteraturedoesthispassagebelongto?
TenBadListeningHabitsI.CallingtheSubjectDull—Goodlistenerswillhuntforsomething【T1】_____【T1】______II.【T2】______th
随机试题
犯罪嫌疑人甲于2002年因琐事将邻居捅成轻伤后逃跑,2008年春节他认为没事,回家过年,被害人发现后到当地公安机关报案,要求追究其刑事责任,公安机关决定立案侦查,并将其拘留,报请人民检察院批准逮捕。那么对此案应当如何处理?()
Nooneworddemonstratedtheshiftincorporations’attentioninthemid-1990sfromprocessestopeoplemorevividlythanthesi
根据《药品不良反应报告和监测管理办法》,国家对药品不良反应实行()
关于非镀锌钢导管采用螺纹连接时的做法,错误的是()。
某市一家服装生产企业2014年发生下列业务:(1)1~11月销售(营业)收入2000万元。12月内销服装不含增值税收入80万元;进料加工出口服装折合人民币100万元,进料加工计划分配率60%。(2)12月为生产内销服装购进面料,取得税控发票,注
不属于河南经常出现的气象灾害的是()。
教学生有效地使用计算机是很重要的。因此,学校应给学生开设计算机程序设计课。下面哪项,如果正确,最能削弱上面的论证?()
因思之,而得之。所以思考是很重要的,按照自己的思想来做事,莫听他人言。思考能让你明白什么是美好的,什么是重要的,什么才是自己内心所追求的。而思想内容空洞的人是经不起诱惑的,因为在他的脑中没有一个完整的思想体系,诱惑就如脱缰之野马,任其在脑中横冲直撞,却没有
某演员2011年每月探访贫困山区一次进行慰问演出,每一次收入2000元,每月均通过当地民政局捐给山区儿童1500元,则全年演出收人应缴纳个人所得税是()元。
用来派生新类的类称为()。
最新回复
(
0
)