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  3. A century ago American men outnumbered and outlived the women. But in the 20th century, women began living longer, primarily bec

A century ago American men outnumbered and outlived the women. But in the 20th century, women began living longer, primarily bec

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问题 A century ago American men outnumbered and outlived the women. But in the 20th century, women began living longer, primarily because pregnancy and childbirth had become less dangerous. The gap grew steadily. In 1946, for the first time ever in the United States, females outnumbered males.
Part of the reasons are self-inflicted. Men smoke more than Women, drink more take more life-threatening chances. Men are murdered(usually by other men)three times as often as women are. They commit suicide at a higher rate and have more than twice as many fatal car accidents as women do. Men are more likely to be involved in alcohol-related fatalities. Men drivers!
But behavior doesn’t explain away the longevity gap. Nor is stress the answer. In the 1950s, as heart disease claimed more and more male victims, pressure in the corporate boardroom was blamed. Let women venture out of the home and into the line office, doctors said, and they would begin dying at the same rate as men. But a funny thing happened on the way to the funeral. Between 1950 and 1985, the percentage of employed women in the United States nearly doubled. Those working women, several studies have found, are as healthy as women at home.
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答案 一个世纪以前，美国男人的数量和寿命都超过女人。但到了20世纪，女人开始活得更长，这主要是因为怀孕与分娩的危险降低了。这种差距一直在扩大。到1946年，美国的女性人数首次超过了男性。 究其原因，一部分是其咎由自取。男人吸烟多，酗酒也多，遭遇凶险的机会也多。男人遇害(通常是其他男人所为)的案例数是女人的三倍之多。他们自杀的比率较高，因车祸死于非命的也比女人多出—倍有余。男人更易招致酒后身亡的事故。且看男人开车! 但是行为说明不了长寿的差距，工作紧张也不应成为其理由。在20世纪50年代，死于心脏病的男性越来越多，人们往往把这归咎于公司董事会给的压力太大。医生都说了，让妇女大胆走出家门，走上“火线”，她们的死亡率也会向男人的看齐。不过在“送终”的路上发生了一件怪事。在1950年到1985年间，美国就业妇女的比率几乎增长了一倍。但各种研究资料表明，这些职业妇女与家庭妇女一样健康。
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