首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The idea that science can, and should, be run according to fixed and universal rules, is both unrealistic and pernicious. (81) I
The idea that science can, and should, be run according to fixed and universal rules, is both unrealistic and pernicious. (81) I
admin
2011-03-05
58
问题
The idea that science can, and should, be run according to fixed and universal rules, is both unrealistic and pernicious. (81)
It is unrealistic, for it takes too simple a view of the talents of man and of the circumstances which encourage, or cause, their development.
And it is pernicious, for the attempt to enforce the rules is bound to increase our professional qualifications at the expense of our humanity. (82)
In addition, the idea is detrimental to science, for it neglects the complex physical and historical conditions which influence scientific change.
It makes our science less adaptable and more dogmatic: every methodological rule is associated with cosmological assumptions, so that using the rule we take it for granted that the assumptions are correct. Naive falsificationism takes it for granted that the laws of nature are manifest and not hidden beneath disturbances of considerable magnitude. (83)
Empiricism takes it for granted that sense experience is a better mirror of the world than pure thought. Praise of" argument takes it for granted that the artifices of Reason give better results than the unchecked play of our emotions.
Such assumptions may be perfectly plausible and even true. Still, one should occasionally put them to a test. Putting them to a test means that we stop using the methodology associated with them, start doing science in a different way and see what happens. Case studies such as those reported in the preceding chapters show that such tests occur all the time, and that they speak against the universal validity of any rule. (84)
All methodologies have their limitations and the only "rule" that survives is "anything goes. "
(85)
The change of perspective brought about by these discoveries leads once more to the long- forgotten problem of the excellence of science. It leads to it for the first time in modern history, for modem science overpowered its opponents, it did not convince them.
Science took over by force, not by argument (this is especially true of the former colonies where science and the religion of brotherly love were introduced as a matter of course, and without consulting, or arguing with, the inhabitants). Today we realize that rationalism, being bound to science, cannot give us any assistance in the issue between science and myth and we also know that myths are vastly better than rationalists have dared to admit. Thus we are now forced to raise the question of the excellence of science.
选项
答案
经验主义者认为比起纯粹思维,理所当然,感知经验能更好地反映世界。支持这一看法的人认为理性技巧要比我们的未经检验的情感更有成效。
解析
(本段句式不难,含有两个比较结构,但翻译中运用了一些技巧,如a better mirror of the world的翻译,将名词转换为动词形式,译为“更好地反映世界”,符合中文的表达习惯。)
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/9vlMFFFM
本试题收录于:
A类竞赛(研究生)题库大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)分类
0
A类竞赛(研究生)
大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)
相关试题推荐
Asaboyhewantedtobeafireman.Asahighschoolstudent,hethoughthe’dliketobecomeateacher.Nowhe______tobenothin
—Mybrotherstillhasn’tmadeadecision______thenewengineeringproject.—It’sreallyahardchoice.
Whospentalotfortheweddingaccordingtotheconversation?
(81)Thetwentiethcentury,perhapsmorethananyother,markedaperiodwherearchitectsexperimentedwithformandtooktheiri
Winecanbemadewithredgrapesorwhitegrapes,and,especiallyinthecaseofredwines,anumberofdoctorshavereportedth
ThestudentislookingfortheEconomichistoryoffice.
A、Shethoughtthedinnerwasatanothertime.B、Sheforgotabouttheplanshemadeforthedinner.C、Sheneedsmoretimetoprep
A、Sheisnotsatisfiedwithherbirthdaypresent.B、Shehasgottwodigitalcamerasforherbirthday.C、Shehasbeenusinganol
A、Sheisnotsatisfiedwithherbirthdaypresent.B、Shehasgottwodigitalcamerasforherbirthday.C、Shehasbeenusinganol
随机试题
在目前的程序测试中,要为成功的测试设计测试用例,这主要依赖于()
患者,男,30岁,30min前被刀刺伤右前胸部,咳血痰,呼吸困难。查体:BP107/78mmHg,P96次/分,右前胸有轻度皮下气肿,右锁中线4肋间可见3cm长创口,随呼吸有气体进出伤口响声。患者半小时后收人病房,呼吸困难,轻度紫绀,右胸部皮
下列属于瘾疹证型的是
“备案号”栏应填()。“合同协议号”栏应填()。
信息不对称发生的时间是不同的,发生在当事人签约前的,叫做事前不对称,发生在当事人签约后的,叫做事后不对称。事前发生的信息不对称会引起_______问题,而事后发生的信息不对称会引起_______问题。()
晨会有校级和班级之分,校级晨会包括()。
不要过分地依赖语言。不要总是企图在语言上占上风。语言解不开的,事实可以解开。语言解开了而事实没有解开的话,语言会失去价值,甚至只能添乱。想到让事实说话的人比起动不动就想说倒一大片的人更安详。这段话的主要观点是()。
结合材料回答问题:材料1习近平多次讲述,陈望道在翻译《共产党宣言》时“蘸着墨汁吃粽子,还说味道很甜”,这是“真理的味道”。1920年的春夜,浙江义乌分水塘村一间久未修葺的柴屋,两张长凳架起一块木板,既是床铺,又是书桌。桌前,有
下面有关计算机病毒的叙述中,正确的是( )。
使用VC6打开考生文件夹下的源程序文件modi1.cpp,该程序运行时有错误,请改正其中的错误,使程序正确运行。并且使程序输出的结果为:OK注意:错误的语句在//******error******的下面,修改该语句即可。#include<iostre
最新回复
(
0
)