Wine can be made with red grapes or white grapes, and, especially in the case of red wines, a number of doctors have reported th

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问题     Wine can be made with red grapes or white grapes, and, especially in the case of red wines, a number of doctors have reported that a moderate amount of wine has certain health benefits. This may be one of the reasons why the number of people drinking wine has risen over the past years. As new wine-shoppers browse the shelves of their local markets, they face a tough decision. Should they buy a wine with a cork or a screw top? And shoppers are not alone in their dilemma. Wineries are also facing tough choices in the best way to seal their products.
    The root of the problem lies in " cork taint". Cork taint refers to a problem with wine that has been sealed with a bad cork. Traditionally, all corks are made from a special oak tree that grows around the Mediterranean. In the process of making the corks and sealing wine bottles, a certain type of mold may start to grow on some corks. Over time, this mold can produce a chemical that makes the wine inside the bottle taste musty. In fact, the human tongue is so sensitive to this particular compound that people can taste it even diluted up to six parts per trillion!

    How big is the problem of cork taint? Some experts from the wine industry claim cork taint affects one out of every ten bottles of wine. And as one spokesperson for an American winery says, " No other packaging industry in the world would put up with that kind of failure rate. "
    Some wine makers see a possible solution to the problem of cork taint through adopting the tried and true method of sealing bottles with screw tops. However, many wineries are still playing it safe and sticking to corks for two reasons. First, there is the old belief among cork users that small amounts of oxygen are able to penetrate corks. This oxygen, they say, is necessary for the proper aging of fine wines, especially those aged 10 years or more. Screw tops do not allow for any oxygen to get into the bottles after they are sealed.
    Another problem arises from the image screw tops have with the public. In most people’s minds, screw tops are only found on cheap, low-quality wines. It will take a lot of efforts from wineries to re-educate the public if they want to change the image of screw tops. In addition, there is the problem of losing the romantic, elegant mood produced by the ceremonial popping of the cork. Consumers don’t seem to feel the same thrill when unscrewing a top.
Questions 71—75
Complete the summary with words from the passage, changing the form when necessary, with only one word for each blank.
    The wine industry is facing a 【R1】______. What is the best way to seal wine bottles? Many people think that it is only proper for wine 【R2】______to be sealed with corks. They believe that oxygen needs to be able to 【R3】______the cork. Other experts, however, suggest that wineries change to screw tops. Using corks can lead to cork taint, a bad taste in the wine caused by 【R4】______. However, it is unlikely that the public will accept this solution. They will most likely 【R5】______to buying wine with corks for the romantic and elegant mood it brings.
【R4】

选项

答案mold

解析 (根据原文第二段可知,使用软木塞会产生的一个重大问题是“cork taint(软木塞污染)”。从“In the process of making the corks and sealing wine bottles,a certain type of moldmay start to grow on some corks”中可知,软木塞污染即一种霉菌。因此填mold。)
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