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  3. The subject of automation and its role in our economy has taken hold in American public discourse. Technology broadly and automa

The subject of automation and its role in our economy has taken hold in American public discourse. Technology broadly and automa

admin2022-03-24  36
问题     The subject of automation and its role in our economy has taken hold in American public discourse. Technology broadly and automation specifically are dramatically reshaping the way we work. And we need to have a plan for what’s still to come.
    We don’t have to look further than our own communities to see the devastating impact of automation. From automated warehouses to cashierless grocery stores to neighborhood libraries that offer self-checkout lanes instead of employing real people—automation is increasingly replacing jobs and leaving too few good new jobs behind.
    The statistics in manufacturing are staggering. Despite the widespread fears about trade, a recent report showed that just 13 percent of jobs lost in manufacturing are due to trade—the rest of the losses have been due to advances in technology.
    That is why more people are criticizing the ever-increasing role of technology in our economy. Our country is manufacturing more than ever before, but we are doing it with fewer workers. However, it’s not just factories that are seeing losses—software and information technology are also having a dramatic impact on jobs most people think are secure from the forces of a rapidly-changing economy. Something transformative is happening in America that is having an adverse effect on American families. Whether policymakers and politicians admit it or not, workers have made clear their feelings about their economic insecurity and desire to keep good jobs in America.
    So why are people so insistent on ignoring the perils of automation? They are failing to look ahead at a time when planning for the future is more important than ever. Resisting automation is futile: it is as inevitable as industrialization was before it. I sincerely hope that those who assert that automation will make us more effective and pave the way for new occupations are right, but the reality of automation’s detrimental effects on workers makes me skeptical. No one can currently say where the new jobs are coming from or when, and any sensible company or country should prepare for all alternatives.
    I’m not overstating the danger: look at what’s happened to the labor force. According to economic research, one in six working-age men, 25-54, doesn’t have a job. Fifty years ago, nearly 100 percent of men that age were working. Women’s labor force participation, meanwhile, has slipped back to the level it was at in the late 1980s.
    American families and prominent business leaders are aware that there’s a big problem with automation. The value of a college degree is diminishing, and our upward mobility is declining. If we want an economy that allows everyone to be economically secure, we need to start thinking about how we can rightfully address automation.
What do we learn from a recent report?
选项 A、The manufacturing sector is declining at a fast rate.
B、The concerns about the effect of trade are exaggerated.
C、The fears about trade have been spreading far and wide.
D、The impact of trade on employment has been staggering.
答案B
解析 根据题干中的信息词a recent report，答案线索可以定位至第三段第二句。第三段第二句指出，尽管人们普遍担心贸易问题，但近期的一份报告显示，制造业减少的工作岗位中只有13％是因为贸易问题，其余的都是因为技术进步。该句说明人们以为贸易问题是造成就业岗位减少的主要原因，但其实是技术原因，即上文所说的自动化，故选项B正确，同时排除选项D。岗位减少不代表制造业衰退，下文中也提到，制造的产品比以往都多，故排除选项A。人们普遍担心贸易问题，这是一种社会现象，不是报告中数据要体现的内容，故排除选项C。
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