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  3. America has long been resistant to adequate poverty policies because of its strong strain of thinking that the poor are responsi

America has long been resistant to adequate poverty policies because of its strong strain of thinking that the poor are responsi

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问题     America has long been resistant to adequate poverty policies because of its strong strain of thinking that the poor are responsible for their own situations, no matter their suffering, but child poverty is too harmful to ignore. A growing number of academics believe there is a solution: the government should give monthly cash allowances, without conditions, to every family with kids.
    Today the official poverty line for a family of four in the U.S. is about $26,200, but a 2013 Gallup survey found that people think a family of four must earn $58,000 on average just to get by. In fact, the ideal definition of a useful poverty measure would be this: the level below which we know that short-and long-term damage is being done to children.
    A mountain of evidence now shows that poverty can lead to cognitive and emotional damage in children. Despite policies that have expanded access to insurance, poor kids are still less healthy than the rest of the young population. They also drop out of school at higher rates, earn less money over time and are jailed far more often than their better-off peers. That should be enough for us to recognize that child poverty is actually a moral tragedy. When Michael Harrington’s classic book, The Other America, called attention to America’s general poverty rate of about 25％ in 1962, Washington developed social programs that brought the rate down sharply, but they are not enough: 1 in 3 children does not receive the full benefits of these programs.
    Poor children have many needs, but research shows that money may matter most. Researchers found that poorer children have worse cognitive, social-behaviour and health outcomes which is seldom correlated with other household and parental characteristics. A family with two children receiving $300 to $400 a month per child could improve their standard of living immediately. It can also help reduce family stress and help parents provide a psychologically nourishing environment in which learning and social development can germinate. Yet both the left and the right dismiss direct cash aid as a waste and an inducement to laziness and abuse, which is just as the historian Michael Katz correctly notes, "One of the odd aspects of the history of writing about poverty is the avoidance of the simple view that people are poor because they lack money."
    Maybe it is time to implement some practical and efficient policy for a nation too willing to neglect its poor.
Historian Michael Katz is mentioned to________.
选项 A、show what people once regarded poverty as
B、explain why common people are getting poorer
C、illustrate the reason why allowance is misread
D、make a comparison between cash aid and laziness
答案C
解析 根据题干关键词Historian：Michael Katz定位至第四段。根据例证题的解题思路，回到原文中找到事例位置，关注事例前后内容，同时注意事例本身信息通常不作为正确答案。根据解题方法，论点在本段第五句：但左派和右派都对此不予考虑，认为直接的现金援助是一种浪费，是懒惰滋生和资源滥用的诱因(…dismiss direct cash aid as a waste and an inducement to laziness and abuse)，同时结合上下文的信息，可知作者对于这种观点的态度是否定的，即作者认为现金的援助是必要的，故选项C“阐述补偿金被误解的原因”是正确选项。Historian Michael Katz是作为例子反驳前一句的错误观点。选项A“说明人们曾经把贫穷看作什么”是针对事例本身的信息解读，没有针对论点，故为错误选项。选项B“解释为什么人们变得越来越穷”并未针对论点。选项D“比较现金援助和懒惰”是论点中的关键词，混淆概念，并不是论点的表述。
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