首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
In his lectures at the Lyceum, a school that remained for centuries one of the great centers of learning in Greece, Aristotle de
In his lectures at the Lyceum, a school that remained for centuries one of the great centers of learning in Greece, Aristotle de
admin
2019-04-08
30
问题
In his lectures at the Lyceum, a school that remained for centuries one of the great centers of learning in Greece, Aristotle defined the basic concepts and principles of many of the sciences.
【T1】
In the first place, Aristotle criticized Plato’s theory of Forms by arguing that forms could not exist by themselves but existed only in particular things, which are composed of both form and matter.
He understood substances as matter organized by a particular form.
Nature, for Aristotle, is an organic system of things whose forms make it possible to arrange them into classes comprising species and genera. Each species, he believed, has a form, purpose, and mode of development in terms of which it can be defined.【T2】
The aim of science is to define the essential forms, purposes, and modes of development of all species and to arrange them in their natural order in accordance with their complexities of form.
The main levels are the inanimate, the vegetative, the animal, and the rational.【T3】
The soul is the form of the body, and humans, whose rational soul is a higher form than the souls of other species on earth, are the highest species of perishable things.
The heavenly bodies, composed of an imperishable substance, or ether, and moved eternally in perfect circular motion by God, are still higher in the order of nature.
Aristotle’s political and ethical philosophy similarly developed out of a critical examination of Plato’s principles.【T4】
The standards of personal and social behavior, according to Aristotle, must be found in the scientific study of the natural tendencies of individuals and societies rather than in abstract realm of pure forms.
Less insistent therefore than Plato on a rigorous conformity to absolute principles, Aristotle regarded ethical rules as practical guides to a happy and well-rounded life. His emphasis on happiness, as the active fulfillment of natural capacities, expressed the attitude toward life held by cultivated Greeks of his time. In political theory, Aristotle agreed with Plato that a monarchy ruled by a wise king would be the ideal political structure, but he also recognized that societies differ in their needs and traditions and believed that a limited democracy is usually the best compromise.【T5】
In his theory of knowledge, Aristotle rejected the Platonic doctrine that knowledge is innate and insisted that it can be acquired only by generalization from experience.
He interpreted art as a means of pleasure and intellectual enlightenment rather than an instrument of moral education.
【T3】
选项
答案
灵魂是身体的形式,而人类,其理性的灵魂比地球上所有其他物种的灵魂都要高级,是所有生命体中最高等的物种。
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/zXGsFFFM
本试题收录于:
公共英语四级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语四级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
Helandedinthiscountrywhenhewas4yearsoldwithoutawordofEnglish,andtherehehasrecentlygraduatedwithhonorsfro
Somepeopleoughttodefendtheworkaholic.Thesepeopleareunjustlyaccused,abused,anddefamed--oftentermedsickormo
KarenRusawasa30-year-oldwomanandthemotheroffourchildren.ForthepastseveralmonthsKarenhadbeenexperiencingrepe
ThemainimpressiongrowingoutoftwelveyearsonthefacultyofamedicalschoolisthattheNo.1healthproblemintheUS.t
Amarketiscommonlythoughtofasaplacewherecommoditiesareboughtandsold.Thusfruitandvegetablesaresoldwholesale
61)Theincreaseininternationalbusinessandinforeigninvestmenthascreatedaneedforexecutiveswithknowledgeofforeign
WhatdidMr.Smithdecidetodowhentheyreturnedhome?
genius
随机试题
关于儿童疾病临床表现的描述,错误的是
下列不应预防性应用抗生素的手术是
下列叙述哪些与亚胺培南相符
中国甲企业与某国乙企业共同投资设立一家中外合资经营企业,注册资本为900万美元,合营合同规定投资者采取分期出资方式。2009年4月10日,该中外合资经营企业取得工商行政管理机关当日签发的营业执照。按照我国《中外合资经营企业法》及其实施条例的规定,该合营企业
【2013江西真题】根据课程任务,可将课程分为基础型课程、拓展型课程和()。
下列有关1922年“新学制”的说法中,错误的一项是()。
Intheworldofentertainment,TVtalkshowshaveundoubtedlyfloodedeveryinchofspaceondaytimetelevision.Andanyonewho
刘山峰、王翠花系老夫少妻,刘山峰婚前个人名下拥有别墅一栋。关于婚后该别墅的归属,下列哪一选项是正确的?()[2016年法考真题]
Asmytrainwasnotduetoleaveforanotherhour,Ihadplentyoftimetospare.Afterbuyingsomemagazinestoreadonthejou
A、 B、 C、 A
最新回复
(
0
)