2. 外语
  3. What do we think with? Only the brain? Hardly. The brain is like a telephone exchange. It is the switchboard, but not the whole

What do we think with? Only the brain? Hardly. The brain is like a telephone exchange. It is the switchboard, but not the whole

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问题     What do we think with? Only the brain? Hardly. The brain is like a telephone exchange. It is the switchboard, but not the whole system. Its function is to receive incoming signals, make proper connections, and send the messages through to their destination. For efficient service, the body must function as a whole.
    But where is the "mind"? Is it in the brain? Or perhaps in the nervous system? After all, can we say that the mind is in any particular place? It is not a thing, like a leg, or even the brain. It is a function, an activity. Aristotle, twenty-three hundred years ago, observed that the mind was to the body what cutting was to the ax. When the ax is not in use, there is no cutting. So with the mind. "Mind," said Charles H. Woolbert, "is what the body is doing. "
    If this activity is necessary for thinking, it is also necessary for carrying thought from one person to another. Observe how people go about business of ordinary conversation. If you have never done this painstakingly, you have a surprise in store, for good conversationalists are almost constantly in motion. Their heads are continually nodding and shaking sometimes so vigorously that you wonder how their necks can stand the strain.
    Even the legs and feet are active. As for the hands and arms, they are seldom still for more than a few seconds at a time.
    These people, remember, are not making speeches. They are merely common folk trying to make others understand what they have in mind. They are not conscious of movement. Their speech is not studied. They are just human creatures in a human environment, trying to adapt themselves to a social situation. Yet they converse, not only with oral language, but with visible actions that involve practically every muscle in the body.
    In short, because people really think all over, a speaker must talk all over if he succeeds in making people think.
Which of the following statements would the author agree with?
选项 A、Thinking is a social phenomenon.
B、Thinking is solely a brain function.
C、Thinking is a function of the nervous system.
D、Thinking is the sum total of bodily activity.
答案D
解析 本题是一道判断是非题。问作者会赞同以下哪种说法。根据文章第一段和第二段，作者认为人的思维不仅仅是大脑在起作用，而且需要人体整体的综合作用。大脑的作用是接收外界传来的信号，做出恰当的判断，然后将信息传送到其目的地(即身体其他各部位)以做出反应。因此所谓的头脑，我们不能说它是一个具体的事物，像大腿，甚至大脑，它不是存在于大脑中或是神经系统中或某一特殊部分，它是一种功能，一种活动。正如2 300年前亚里士多德所说的，头脑之于身体正如砍伐之于斧头一样。不用斧头，也就没有了砍伐。同样，没有身体，也就没有头脑了。查尔斯·H·伍尔伯特说过“头脑就是身体所在做的事的反映”。因此，本题的正确答案应是D“思维是人体总体活动的总和”。
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