2. 外语
  3. A close analogy to a study design is the rough sketch made by an artist before he commits his vision to canvas(画布). The broad ou

A close analogy to a study design is the rough sketch made by an artist before he commits his vision to canvas(画布). The broad ou

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问题     A close analogy to a study design is the rough sketch made by an artist before he commits his vision to canvas(画布). The broad outlines are drawn, the proper perspective achieved, and the total impact of the picture-to-be can be partially appreciated in advance. So it is with the design of research: it specifies in advance the kinds of statements that can be made on the basis of its findings and fixes the perspectives against which these findings are to be evaluated.
    One major purpose of this study was to demonstrate whether or not the newer social research techniques could help in broadening and deepening knowledge concerning juvenile delinquency(少年犯罪). Construction of the design was guided by this goal of exploring new methods in the analysis of juvenile delinquency. However, research technique developed in one content area can not be mechanically transferred to another. A new application of them requires substantial changes and it is these innovative modifications which this study offers as its contribution.
    Juvenile delinquency has been the subject of many previous studies using a variety of research techniques. This study makes an additional contribution by using a design specially planned to permit a comparison of several approaches.
    The drawing up of the study design profited greatly from an extensive survey of previous re searches on crime, undertaken during the earliest stage of the project. It was found that most studies could be classified as belonging to one or more of three broadly conceived types: social background study, family background study and personal motivation study.
    Each type has its characteristic design and mode of interpretation and each has produced information of considerable importance. Yet not attempt was made in any of ’the studies to integrate one or more of these three design types. It became apparent that one of the major contributions a pilot study could make to both method and substantive findings would be to bring all three study types together in one design for the purpose of correlating(使相互关联) their findings and evaluating their relative importance in producing data of use to the practitioner.
In the first paragraph, the author draws an analogy between _______.
选项 A、doing research and drawing a picture
B、research finding and pictures perspective
C、designing a research and making a quick drawing
D、a researcher and a painter
答案C
解析 事实细节题。题干中的关键词是analogy。根据题干要求浏览the first paragraph，可以在第一句找到analogy，这是大纲中的六级词汇。在不明其意的情况下，我们可以根据上下文语境进行猜测。第一句中出现了a study design 和 the rough sketch made by an artist两种事物，从第二句中的The broad outlines are drawn可以看出该句与第一句中的the rough sketch有关，第三句中的the design of research即为第一句中的a study design。很明显，这三句话的关系是“总-分-分”结构，而且作者意在将a study design和the rough sketch进行比较，因此可以排除选项D。而文章强调的是对study/research的design，因此选项C与文章相符。analogy意为“类比，相似之处”；draw an analogy between是指“把(二者)加以相比，指出…之间的相似处”。
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