首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
THE ILLUSION OF FILM 1 Film is an illusion because the moving pictures seen on the screen are not moving at all. A film is act
THE ILLUSION OF FILM 1 Film is an illusion because the moving pictures seen on the screen are not moving at all. A film is act
admin
2012-01-14
39
问题
THE ILLUSION OF FILM
1 Film is an illusion because the moving pictures seen on the screen are not moving at all. A film is actually a series of tiny still pictures, or flames. They appear to be moving because the retina of the human eye retains the impression of an object for a split second after that object has actually disappeared. This principle is known as the
persistence of vision
. When we look at a single frame of film, the image persists in the brain’s visual center for a fraction of a second. Then, the next frame comes along and the brain has to catch up with the new image. Thus, our eyes and brain trick us into thinking that we see a smoothly moving image rather than a series of still ones.
2 Another illusion of film is known collectively as special effects, the tricks and techniques that filmmakers use when makeup, costume, and stunts are still not enough to make a scene convincing. Special effects artists apply science to filmmaking, showing us things that no plain camera could ever photograph. Even since the introduction of computer graphics in recent decades, the films of today still rely on some special effects that have existed since the early years of cinema.
3 One category of special effects is called optical or visual effects, tricks made with the camera. One of the pioneers of optical effects was the French filmmaker Georges Méliès, who invented a technique called stop-motion photography. With this technique, a scene is filmed, the camera is stopped, the scene is changed in some way, and then the camera
rolls
again. Stop motion photography can create th.e illusion of an actor disappearing on screen. In one short film, an actor’s clothes keep returning to his body as he tries to get undressed. Méliès also invented a technique known as split screen. By putting a card over the camera lens, he prevented half of the frame of fihn from being exposed. He filmed a scene on the uncovered half of the frame and then backed up the same strip of fihn in his camera. For the second shot, he covered the exposed half and took another series of pictures on the half that had been covered the first time. With the technique of split screen, it is possible to achieve illusions such as having the same actor play twins.
4 Mechanical effects are another category of special effects. Mechanical effects are objects or devices used during the filming to create an illusion, such as feathers or plastic chips to
simulate
snow, and wires to create the illusion that people are flying. Many sound effects are mechanical effects. Wood blocks create a horse’s hoofbeats, and a vibrating sheet of metal sounds like thunder. During the silent film era, the music machine called the Kinematophone was popular because it could produce the sounds of sirens, sleigh bells, gunfire, baby cries, and kisses-all at the press of a key.
5 Other mechanical effects are puppets, robots of all sizes, and tiny copies of buildings or cities.
To reduce the cost of studio sets or location photography, special-effects technicians create painted or projected backgrounds, which replace the set or add to it.
For example, in a long shot of a town, the set might be only a few feet high, and the remainder of the town is painted onto a sheet of glass positioned in fiont of the camera during filming. In a 1916 silent film called The Flying Torpedo, mechanical effects created the appearance of an enemy invasion of the California seacoast. Technicians threw small contact-rigged explosives into toy cities, scattering the tiny buildings into the air. An artist painted a row of battleships on a board that was only six feet long. Carpenters drilled small holes in the ships,
which
were filled with small charges of flash powder to simulate guns. An electrician wired the charges so they could be fired on cue from a small battery. For audiences of the time, the effect was of a real fleet of ships firing on the California coast.
6 Sometimes optical and mechanical effects are used together. For the original 1933 version of King Kong, the filmmakers wanted to show the giant ape climbing the Empire State Building in New York City. To show Kong’s climb, the special-effects technicians built a tiny movable model of the ape and a proportionately small model of the Empire State Building. Then, stop-motion photography was used to create the illusion that Kong was moving up the building.
The phrase catch up with in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to
选项
A、hurry to process
B、put aside
C、search for
D、obtain from memory
答案
A
解析
Catch up with means hurry to process in this context. Clues: ... the image persists in the brain’s visual center for a fraction of a second. Then, the next frame comes along and the brain has to catch up with the new image. As the brain hurtles to process each image, one image blends into the next image, so we think we see a moving picture. (1.4)
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/yPlYFFFM
0
托福(TOEFL)
相关试题推荐
TheHistoryoftheGuitarTheword’guitar’wasbroughtintoEnglishasanadaptationoftheSpanishword’guitarra,’whichwas,
AccordingtoMrSingh,onwhichthingdomanypeoplemakesuperficialobservations?MrSinghbelievesthatthebestwaytobes
Howdidthestudentgettheuniversityprospectus?Whodecidesthecountryinwhichthestudentwillworkinyearthree?
【21】Mikathinksthatnon-nativespeakerscanimprove______.
Whichmemberormembersofthespeaker’sfamilyhavehealthproblems?Howdoesthespeakerdescribethepeopleattheresort?
WhereisMrGarcialiving?【7】
TheConstructionEducationCentrehasexistedfor______.【15】
AYourpassport.BYourchildren’spassports.CYourPoliceRegistrationCertificate.DAletterfromyourcollege
Arestaurantmay______foritsdeliveryservice.ThespeakerdescribestheatmosphereatBritishpubsas______.
随机试题
下述哪一种表现与甲状腺癌无关?()
根据《工程造价咨询单位管理办法》的规定,甲级和乙级工程造价咨询单位专职技术负责人从事工程造价专业工作的年限分别为()年以上。
根据客户了解原则,客户由他人代理办理业务的,银行只需对代理人的身份证明文件进行核对并登记。()
甲公司以1000万元取得乙公司30%的股权,并且甲公司能够对乙公司施加重大影响,取得投资时被投资单位可辨认净资产的公允价值为3500元。则甲公司“长期股权投资——成本”账面价值是()万元。
著名经济学家钟朋荣曾将“温州人精神”概括为四句话:白手起家、艰苦奋斗的创业精神;不等不靠、依靠自己的自主精神;闯荡天下、四海为家的________精神;敢于创新、善于创新的创造精神。填入画横线部分最恰当的一项是()。
根据以下资料。回答下列小题。2012年,房地产开发企业1—11月份到位资金85802亿元,同比增长14.1%,增速比1—10月份提高2.5个百分点。其中,国内贷款13208亿元,增长16.1%;利用外资371亿元,下降51.5%;自筹资金35374亿元,
下列成语与其描述的对象对应正确的是:
在地球构造活动频繁的时期,环非洲、南美和欧洲的新海洋盆地开始扩展,产生了新的空间。大气中大量二氧化碳与光合作用的生物发生反应,死亡的生物随后被埋在海底沉积物中,形成了富含碳元素的页岩,大气中的碳被固定下来,使得大气中二氧化碳的水平下降,减小了温室效应并降低
Theprovisionofsocialcareisamongthemostlabor-intensiveoccupations.BSSocialCarehasexpertsinthefieldandsoisse
A、Underatalltree.B、Ontopofabuilding.C、Inaclosedcar.D、Besideametalpole.C细节题。浏览选项可知,本题考的是地点,听录音时要记录选项所示地点的相关信息,原文
最新回复
(
0
)