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  3. He changed the future without ever winning a vote or commanding an army. All Albert Einstein did was having an idea. It’s not a

He changed the future without ever winning a vote or commanding an army. All Albert Einstein did was having an idea. It’s not a

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问题     He changed the future without ever winning a vote or commanding an army. All Albert Einstein did was having an idea. It’s not a particularly easy one to grasp in all its ramifications, but the basic insight he expressed in his 1905 paper on special relativity is almost childlike in its simplicity. And yet it ushered in a new golden age of physics and did much to shape the course of the 20th century.
    It also transformed the way the future is made: not with wars and revolutions but with scientific insights. That much is still true. But it is history that science precedes at the hands of the occasional lone genius. These days, vast networks of laboratories sponsored by governments are all pushing to find the new thing. Discovery and invention, in the developed countries at least, have become regularized. The insights of individuals are still important, of course, but the overall effort relies less on any one genius. "In the late 19th century, you had predominantly the private inventor," says Yale historian Daniel Kevles. "Now you have the organized inventor. Scientific fields are crowded with geniuses. Everybody’s working at the big problems all the time. "
    This shift in the methodology of discovery has complicated matters. It is chiefly responsible for the complexity of machines, but also for the growing complexity of the act of inventing and building. The Pentagon awards a contract for a new jet fighter to a prime contractor, which passed the various systems and subsystems and components down through layers of subcontractors. "Henry Ford could understand every piece of his assembly line," says Don Kash, a technology expert at George Mason University in Washington D. C., "Nobody can do that at Toyota. "
    What’s different now, though, is how comfortable we’ve become with such complexity.
    Innovation is part of our lives in a way it hasn’t been for previous generations. In 1970, Alvin Toffler argued in Future Shock that technology was changing society so quickly that a person in the span of a single lifetime would find himself a stranger in his own culture. Toffler’s book struck home because many people felt that new technologies were bringing about change at a pace that was disorienting and not a little disturbing. These days we’ve learned how to ride the rocket of innovation. "My father thought the world would be the same," says Kash. "My children wake up every day thinking the world will be different. "
The act of invention would become less complex if
选项 A、the means of discovery changed.
B、capable people played the leading role.
C、the act could be done by fewer people.
D、scientific fields were not crowed with geniuses.
答案C
解析 如果______，发明会变得没那么复杂。[A]改变了发明方法[B]有能力的人起领导作用[C]少数人才能有这种行为[D]科学领域不聚集天才由题干中的重点词act of inventory和complex可知相关信息出现在文章第三段。这段指出由于发明方法的转换使发明本身变得越来越复杂。所以，要使发明不复杂，也就是要发明方法没变化，而[A]与此相反。再看第二段和第三段，所谓发明方法的转换也就是个人的重要性降低，更多地依赖集体力量。美国五角大楼的例子也表明，正是由于参与的人多了，项目也就越发复杂了。所以，反向推理，如果还能少数人独领风骚，那么发明本身就容易了，所以[C]正确。[B]文中没有涉及；[D]与题目所问的相去甚远，是所答非所问的干扰项。
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