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  3. Medicine Award Kicks off Nobel Prize Announcements Two scientists who have won praise for research into the growth of cancer

Medicine Award Kicks off Nobel Prize Announcements Two scientists who have won praise for research into the growth of cancer

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问题                 Medicine Award Kicks off Nobel Prize Announcements
    Two scientists who have won praise for research into the growth of cancer cells could be candidates for the Nobel Prize in medicine when the 2008 winners are presented on Monday, kicking off six days of Nobel announcements.
    Australian-born US citizen Elizabeth Blackburn and American Carol Greider have already won a series of medical honors for their enzyme(酶)research and experts say they could be among the front-runners for a Nobel.
    Among the pair’s possible rivals are Frenchman Pierre Chambon and Americans Ronald Evans and Elwood Jensen, who opened up the field of studying proteins called nuclear hormone receptors As usual, the tight-lipped award committee is giving no hints about who is in the running before presenting its decision in a news conference at Stockholm’ s Karolinska Institute.
    Alfred Nobel, the Swede who invented dynamite(炸药),established the prizes in his will in the categories of medicine, physics, chemistry, literature and peace. The economics prize is technically not a Nobel but a 1968 creation of Sweden’ s central bank.
    Nobel left few instructions on how to select winners,but medicine winners are typically awarded for a specific breakthrough rather than a body of research.
    Hans Jornvall, secretary of the medicine prize committee, said the 10 million kronor(瑞典克朗)(US $ 1.3 million)prize encourages groundbreaking research but he did not think winning it was the primary goal for scientists.
    " Individual researchers probably don ’ t look at themselves as potential Nobel Prize winners when they’ re at work, "Jornvall told The Associated Press. "They get their kicks from their research and their interest in how life functions. "
    In 2006, Blackburn, of the University of California, San Francisco, and Greider, of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, shared the Lasker prize for basic medical research with Jack Szos-tak of Harvard Medical School. Their work set the stage for research suggesting that cancer cells use telomerase(端粒酶)to sustain(维持)their uncontrolled growth.
Originally the Nobel Prizes did NOT include______.
选项 A、the medicine prize
B、the literature prize
C、the peace prize
D、the economics prize
答案D
解析 第五段末尾讲到，经济学奖是瑞典中央银行在1968年创立的。诺贝尔在遗嘱里确立的是医学奖、物理学奖、化学奖、文学奖及和平奖。故选D。
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