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  3. We’ve been having the wrong discussion about globalization.【F1】For years, we’ve argued over whether this or that industry and it

We’ve been having the wrong discussion about globalization.【F1】For years, we’ve argued over whether this or that industry and it

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问题     We’ve been having the wrong discussion about globalization.【F1】For years, we’ve argued over whether this or that industry and its workers might suffer from imports and whether the social costs were worth the economic gains from foreign products, technologies and investments. By and large, the answer has been "yes." But the truly significant questions about globalization are harder toanswer. Is an increasingly interconnected world economy basically stable? Or does it generate periodic crises that harm everyone and spawn international conflict?
   【F2】Let’s concede that the present U.S. economic slowdown—maybe already a recession—stems mostly from familiar domestic causes: the burst housing "bubble," problematic lending practices and households’ heavy debt burdens. All have depressed housing and consumer spending. Still, global factors, notably high oil and food prices, have aggravated the slump, and there is a general anxiety that we are in the grip of worldwide economic and financial forces that we do not understand and cannot easily control. This sense of foreboding is not unreasonable, and it helps explain the yawning gap between the economy’s actual performance (poor, but not horrific) and mass psychology (almost horrific).
    The good that globalization has done is hard to dispute, though some do.【F3】Trade-driven economic growth and technology transfer have alleviated much human misery, and if present economic trends continue, the worldwide middle class will expand by an additional 2 billion by 2030.  In the U-nited States, imports and foreign competition have raised incomes by 10 percent since World War II, some studies suggest. Job losses, though real, are often exaggerated. In the late 1990s, U.S. trade deficits increased while unemployment fell.
   【F4】But these advances could be halted or reversed by a disorderly global economy, an economy plagued by financial crises, interruptions of crucial supplies (oil, obviously), trade wars or violent business cycles. This is globalization’s Achilles’ heel. Connections among countries have deepened and become more contradictory. Take oil producers.【F5】On one hand, high oil prices hurt advanced countries; but on the other, oil countries have an interest in keeping advanced countries prosperous, because that’s where much surplus oil wealth is invested.
    Today’s global economy baffles experts—corporate executives, bankers, economists—as much as ordinary people. Anyone who says differently is either deluded or dishonest. Countries are growing economically more interdependent and politically more nationalistic. They try to maximize their own advantage rather than make the system work for everyone. Considering how much could go wrong, the record is so far remarkably favorable. Alas, that’s no guarantee for the future.
【F5】
选项
答案一方面，它们的高价石油损害了发达国家的利益，而另一方面，它们又希望这些发达国家能维持繁荣的局面，因为那里正是它们大量过剩的石油财富的投资地。
解析 hurt实际上是指损害了发达国家的经济利益，考生在翻译时可使用“增词法”，把词义的内涵翻译出来；翻译oil wealth is invested时，可考虑运用词类转换法，将invest转化名词，以符合汉语的表达方式。
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