首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Complete the flow chart below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer. Expertise in creative writing B
Complete the flow chart below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer. Expertise in creative writing B
admin
2014-11-08
30
问题
Complete the flow chart below.
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.
Expertise in creative writing
Background—researcher had previously studied 【L31】______
↓
Had initial idea for research—inspired by a book(the 【L32】______ of a famous novelist).
↓
Posed initial question—why do some people become experts whilst others don’t?
↓
Read expertise research in different fields.
Avoided studies conducted in a 【L33】______.because too controlled.
Most helpful studies-research into 【L34】______, e.g. waiting tables.
↓
Found participants: four true 【L35】______in creative writing (easy to find)and four with extensive experience.
↓
Using ’think aloud’ techniques, gathered 【L36】______data from inexperienced writer.(During session—assistant made 【L37】______recordings).
↓
Gathered similar data from experienced writers.
↓
Compared two data sets and generated a 【L38】______for analysis (Identified five major stages in writing—will be refined later).
↓
Got an expert 【L39】______to evaluate the quality of the different products.
↓
Identified the most effective 【L40】______of stages in producing text.
【L34】
Narrator: You will hear a psychology undergraduate describing the research she is currently doing on expertise in creative writing. First you have some time to look at Questions 31-40. Now listen, and answer Questions 31-40.
Student: For my short presentation today, I’m going to summarise the work I’ve done so far on my research project: to explore expertise in creative writing. Essentially, I’ll share with you the process I underwent to gather my interim findings.
First of all, I should give a little relevant background information about myself—before I started my current degree course in cognitive psychology, I studied English literature and, as you can imagine, this meant I spent a great deal of time thinking about the notion of creativity and what makes people develop into successful writers. However, the idea for this research project came from a very specific source —I became fascinated with the idea of what makes an expert creative writer when I read a well-known twentieth century writer’s autobiography. I won’t say which one, at this stage, because I think that might prejudice your interpretation! Anyway, this got me thinking about the different routes to expertise. Specifically I wondered why some people become experts at things whilst others fail to do so, in spite of the fact that they may be equally gifted and work equally hard.
I started to read about how other researchers had explored similar questions in other fields. I began to see a pattern— that those studies which involved research in a lab were too controlled for my purposes and I decided to avoid reading them. I was quite surprised to find that the clearest guidance for my topic came from investigations into what I call ’practical skills’ such as hairdressing or waiting tables. Most of these studies tended to use a similar set of procedures, which I eventually adopted for my own project.
Student: I’ll now explain what these procedures were. I decided to compare what inexperienced writers do with what experienced writers do. In order to investigate this, I looked for four people whom I regarded as real novices in this field—which proved easy ... perhaps unsurprisingly. It proved much harder to locate people with suitably extensive experience who were willing to take part in my study. I asked the first four to do a set writing task and as they wrote, to talk into a tape-recorder... a technique known as ’think aloud’ ... this was in order to get experimental data. Whilst they were doing this, a research assistant recorded them using video—I thought it might be helpful for me in my transcriptions later on. I then asked four experienced writers to do exactly the same task. After this, I made a comparison between the two sets of data and this helped me to produce a framework for analysis. In particular, I identified five major stages which all creative writers seem to go through when generating this genre of text. I think it was fairly effective but still needs some work ... so I intend to tighten this up later for use with subsequent data sets.
I then wanted to see whether experienced writers were actually producing the better pieces of writing. So I asked an editor, an expert in reviewing creative writing, to decide which were the best pieces of writing. This person put the eight pieces of work in order of quality—in rank order— and, using his evaluations, I was then able to work out which sequence of the five stages seemed to lead to the best quality writing.
Now my findings are by no means conclusive as this point... I still have a long way to go but if any of you have any questions, I’d be happy to answer them and ...
选项
答案
practical skills
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/uRtYFFFM
本试题收录于:
雅思听力题库雅思(IELTS)分类
0
雅思听力
雅思(IELTS)
相关试题推荐
In1919Britainexperienceditslargesteverreductioninindustrialworkinghours,to48perweek.InDowie’sviewthe48-hour
PART1Theexaminerwillaskyousomequestionsaboutyourself,suchas:—Whatcountrydoyoucomefrom?—Whichothercountriesh
3.PART3Discussiontopic:LearningExamplequestions:•Howdostudentslearnatschoolsinyourcountry?•Howcouldthelear
1.PART1Theexaminerasksthecandidateabouthim/herself,his/herhome,workorstudiesandotherfamiliartopics.EXAMPLEYo
Howdoyoubenefitfromyourhobby?
Whatsortofactivitiesdostudentshaveafterschool?
Whatproblemsmayarisefrompeoplecelebratingpublicholidays?
Theuniversityshouldacceptequalnumbersofmaleandfemalestudentsineverysubject.Doyouagreeordisagree?
Questions28-29Completethenotes,whichshowhowtheapproachestodefining’talent’havechanged.ChooseONEorTWOWORDSfro
随机试题
Wecanmakemistakesatanyage.Somemistakeswemakeareaboutmoney.Butmostmistakesareaboutpeople."DidJerryreallyca
女性,41岁,持续高热伴上腹疼痛4天,巩膜黄染3天入院。体检:高热面容,神志清,血压10/6kPa(75/45mmHg),巩膜黄染,呼吸急促30次/min,心率120次/min,律齐,右上腹压痛明显。周围血象:WBC20×109/L,中性粒细胞88%哪
引起急性血源性骨髓炎的最常见的致病菌是
按照生产能力指数法(x=0.8,f=1.1),如将设计中的化工生产系统的生产能力提高到三倍,投资额将增加()。
企业可以根据会计资料使用者的不同提供编制依据不一致的财务会计报告。()
从社会发展需要出发办教育,注重培养合格的公民,所体现的教育目的理论是()。
关于国画,以下说法不正确的是()。
2012年1—9月,累计销售完成超过50万辆的车型为:
Ispenttenyuanonthatbook.Thebook______tenyuan.
Baush’sLegacy(Ⅱ)布什的遗产(Ⅱ)PresidentBush’spushtooustSaddamHussein(1)powersoonbecamemorethanaforeign-policyinit
最新回复
(
0
)