首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Declining house prices, rising job layoffs, skyrocketing oil costs and a major credit crunch have brought consumer confidence to
Declining house prices, rising job layoffs, skyrocketing oil costs and a major credit crunch have brought consumer confidence to
admin
2019-09-23
254
问题
Declining house prices, rising job layoffs, skyrocketing oil costs and a major credit crunch have brought consumer confidence to its lowest point in five years. With a relatively long recession looking increasingly likely, many American families may be planning to tighten their belts.
Interestingly, restraining our consumer spending, in the short term, may cause us to actually loosen the belts around our waists. What’s the connection? The brain has a limited capacity for self-regulation, so exerting willpower in one area often leads to backsliding in others. The good news, however, is that practice increases willpower capacity, so that in the long run, buying less now may improve our ability to achieve future goals — like losing those 10 pounds we gained when we weren’t out shopping.
The brain’s store of willpower is depleted when people control their thoughts, feelings or impulses, or when they modify their behaviors in pursuit of goals. Psychologist Roy Baumeister and others have found that people who successfully accomplish one task requiring self-control are less persistent on a second, seemingly unrelated task.
In one pioneering study, some people were asked to eat radishes while others received freshly baked chocolate chip cookies before trying to solve an impossible puzzle. The radish-eaters abandoned the puzzle in eight minutes on average, working less than half as long as people who got cookies or those who were excused from eating radishes. Similarly, people who were asked to circle every "e" on a page of text then showed less persistence in watching a video of an unchanging table and wall.
Other activities that deplete willpower include resisting food or drink, suppressing emotional responses, restraining aggressive or sexual impulses, taking exams and trying to impress someone. Task persistence is also reduced when people are stressed or tired from exertion or lack of sleep.
What limits willpower? Some have suggested that it is blood sugar, which brain cells use as their main energy source and cannot do without for even a few minutes. Most cognitive functions are unaffected by minor blood sugar fluctuations over the course of a day, but planning and self-control are sensitive to such small changes. Exerting self-control lowers blood sugar, which reduces the capacity for further self-control. People who drink a glass of lemonade between completing one task requiring self-control and beginning a second one perform equally well on both tasks, while people who drink sugarless diet lemonade make more errors on the second task than on the first. Foods that persistently elevate blood sugar, like those containing protein or complex carbohydrates, might enhance willpower for longer periods.
In the short term, you should spend your limited willpower budget wisely. It can be counterproductive to work toward multiple goals at the same time if your willpower cannot cover all the efforts that are required. Concentrating your effort on one or, at most, a few goals at a time increases the
odds
of success.
Focusing on success is important because willpower can grow in the long term. Like a muscle, willpower seems to become stronger with use. The idea of exercising willpower is seen in
military boot camp
, where recruits are trained to overcome one challenge after another.
No one knows why willpower can grow with practice, but consistently doing any activity that requires self-control seems to increase willpower — and the ability to resist impulses and delay
gratification
is highly associated with success in life.
From Paragraph 4, we can know that______.
选项
A、radish-eaters are less persistent than cookie-eaters
B、cookie-eaters are encouraged to solve the puzzle
C、people are less persistent when asked to watch a video
D、people’s poor performance is attributed to hunger
答案
A
解析
推断题。按选项定位第4段可知,radish-eaters和cookie-eaters均参与了智力游戏,由此可以排除B。实验结果是,前者8分钟内放弃了游戏,比后者少了一半时间,说明前者的坚持性不如后者,A符合题意,故为正确答案。D未提及,C少了前提条件,即之前已经完成了一项任务。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/tt1YFFFM
本试题收录于:
CATTI二级笔译综合能力题库翻译专业资格(CATTI)分类
0
CATTI二级笔译综合能力
翻译专业资格(CATTI)
相关试题推荐
A、正确B、错误B因果关系的找寻和判断。根据原文bythemid-1800s,fasterandcheaperrailroadsbecamemorepopularandthecanalsystemdeclined.Railro
Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeherpersonality?
A、Theshipwasluxuriouslydecorated.B、Theshipwascarryingseveralmilliondollars.C、Theshiphadsomeprecioussculptureso
LatinAmericanandChineseofficialshaveopenedtwodaysoftalksontradeandinvestment.ThefirstChina/LatinAmericaand
LatinAmericanandChineseofficialshaveopenedtwodaysoftalksontradeandinvestment.ThefirstChina/LatinAmericaand
WhatshouldAmericantechcompaniesdotosecuretheirsuccess?
Whatisabettercureforlonelinessthatismentionedinthepassage?
Theaimofthetestingistoseeiftheself-drivingtechnologycanreducetransportationtimesandcostsandimproveroadsafet
Thestudyresultsaresurprising.
随机试题
张先著诉芜湖市人事局公务员招考行政录用决定案2003年6月,原告张先著在芜湖市人事局报名参加安徽省公务员考试,经过笔试和面试,综合成绩在报考该职位的三十名考生中名列第一。2003年9月17日,张先著在芜湖市-人事局指定的铜陵市人民医院的体检报告显示,其乙
胃癌是起源于胃黏膜上皮的恶性肿瘤,在我国各种恶性肿瘤中发病率高,其好发于()。
环甲膜穿刺术穿刺针保留时间一般不超过()
下列细菌中属条件致病菌的是
下列关于腮腺多形性腺瘤手术的叙述,错误的是()
为了保证燃气管网调压站在调压器维修时不间断地供气,在调压站内设有( )。
下列属于间接成本费的有()。
下列关于明细分类账簿的账页格式的表述,正确的有()。
强调课程应满足学生的需要和自我实现的课程观是结构主义课程观的观点。()
Youaredoingaminiresearchprojectoninternationalmigration.Thefollowingaresomeusefulmaterials.Writeareportofabo
最新回复
(
0
)