When an invention is made, the inventor has three possible courses of action open to him: he can give the invention to the world

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问题     When an invention is made, the inventor has three possible courses of action open to him: he can give the invention to the world by publishing it, keep the idea a secret, or【B1】______it. A granted patent is the result of a【B2】______struck between an inventor and the state, by which the inventor gets a limited period of【B3】______and publishes full details of his invention to the public after that period【B4】______.
    Only in the most【B5】______circumstances is the life span of a patent extended to alter this normal process of events. A patent remains permanently public after it has terminated. Indeed, patent experts often advise anyone wishing to avoid the high cost of【B6】______a search through live patents that the one sure way of avoiding violation of any other inventor’s rights is to steal and use a dead patent. Likewise, because publication of an idea in any other form permanently invalidates further patents on that idea, it is traditionally safe to take ideas from other areas of print. Much modern technological advance【B7】______the presumptions of legal security. Anyone closely-involved in patents and inventions soon learns that most new ideas are, in fact, as old as the hills. It is their reduction to commercial practice, either through necessity or【B8】______, or through the availability of new technology that makes news and money. The basic patent for the theory of magnetic recording【B9】______to 1886. Many of the original ideas behind television【B10】______the late 19th and early 20th century. Even the Volkswagen rear engine car was anticipated by a 1904 patent for a cart with the horse at the rear.
【B3】

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答案monopoly

解析 monopoly,意为“垄断”。
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