2. 考研
  3. Any American who has bought a pack of cigarettes since the mid-’60s might have seen the health warnings. It says, "SURGEON GENER

Any American who has bought a pack of cigarettes since the mid-’60s might have seen the health warnings. It says, "SURGEON GENER

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问题     Any American who has bought a pack of cigarettes since the mid-’60s might have seen the health warnings. It says, "SURGEON GENERAL’S WARNING: Smoking Causes Lung Cancer, Heart Disease, And May Complicate Pregnancy." Such government warnings work,【C1】______— research has shown that smokers in countries with strong warnings know more about smoking【C2】______than those in countries where warnings are weaker. But it’s unclear whether smokers who see any warning【C3】______smoke less.
    Public-health advocates have known for years that individualized messages are far more【C4】______at getting smokers to stop. For instance,【C5】______a doctor reminds a patient that her sister has promised to help her【C6】______, that patient will be much more likely to stop smoking than someone who just sees a(n)【C7】______message on a cigarette pack.
    A recent study shows that tailored antismoking messages engage brain regions involved in how people see themselves. Those regions are associated with emotion【C8】______basic human awareness and, possibly, awareness of others’【C9】______of us.
    The authors of the study, a University of Michigan team led by psychologist Hannah Faye Chua,【C10】______91 smokers who wanted to quit. The participants, who smoked an average of 17 cigarettes per day,【C11】______medical imaging scans for one hour while different messages appeared on a screen. Some messages were tailored to their【C12】______histories (for example, "A concern you have is being tempted to smoke when【C13】______other smokers"). Some messages were general anti-smoking【C14】______.
    The researchers found that the tailored messages【C15】______the two brain regions significantly more than the non-tailored and【C16】______messages. In other words, reading a short sentence changed their brain activity—【C17】______those who showed stronger activity in those regions were more likely to quit smoking.
    The reason this paper is important is that it【C18】______a growing body of research showing that what is often mocked as "talk therapy" can produce real changes in brain【C19】______. If you really want to quit smoking, you should commit to a(n)【C20】______behavioral-therapy program. It will not only help you stop; it could change how your brain works.
【C4】
选项 A、prospective
B、effective
C、subjective
D、negative
答案B
解析 下文的例子说到，医生提醒病人，她姐姐承诺过要帮助她，病人就更可能戒烟，即个性化的信息更有用。故答案为B项effective“有效的”。
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