首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
A "scientistic" view of language was dominant among philosophers and linguists who affected to develop a scientific analysis of
A "scientistic" view of language was dominant among philosophers and linguists who affected to develop a scientific analysis of
admin
2011-02-11
29
问题
A "scientistic" view of language was dominant among philosophers and linguists who affected to develop a scientific analysis of human thought and behavior in the early part of this century, Under the force of this view, it was perhaps inevitable that the art of rhetoric should pass from the status of being regarded as of questionable worth (because although it might be both a source of pleasure and a means to urge people to right action, it might also be a means to distort truth and a source of misguided action) to the status of being wholly condemned. If people are regarded only as machines guided by logic as they were be these "scientistic" thinkers, rhetoric is likely to be held in low regard: for the most obvious truth about rhetoric is that it speaks to the whole person. It presents its arguments first to the person as a rational being, because persuasive discourse, if honestly conceived, always has a basis in reasoning. Logical argument is the plot, as it were, of any speech or essay that is respectfully intended to persuade people. Yet it is a characterizing feature of rhetoric that it goes beyond this and appeals to the parts of our nature that are involved in feeling, desiring, acting, and suffering. It recalls relevant instances of the emotional reactions of people to circumstances real or fictional—that are similar to our own circumstances. Such is the purpose of both historical accounts and fables in persuasive discourse: they indicate literally or symbolically how people may react emotionally, with hope or fear, to particular circumstances. A speech attempting to persuade people can achieve little unless it takes into account the aspect of their being related to such hopes and fears.
Rhetoric, then, is addressed to human beings living at particular times and in particular places. From the point of view of rhetoric, we are not merely logical thinking machines, creatures abstracted from time and space. The study of rhetoric should therefore be considered the most humanistic of the humanities, since rhetoric is not directed only to our rational selves. It takes into account what the "scientistic" view leaves out. If it is a weakness to harbor feelings, then rhetoric may be thought of as dealing in weakness. But those who reject the idea of rhetoric because they believe it deals in lies and who at the same time hope to move people to action, must either be liars themselves or be very naive; pure logic has never been a motivating force unless it has been subordinated to human purposes, feelings, and desires, and thereby ceased to be pure logic.
It can be inferred that in the late nineteenth century rhetoric was regarded as ______.
选项
A、the only necessary element of persuasive discourse
B、a dubious art in at least two ways
C、an outmoded and tedious amplification of logic
D、an open offense to the rational mind
答案
B
解析
题是含蓄题,原文第1段指出,本世纪初在喜爱(affected to)对人类的思想行为进行科学分析的哲学家和语言学家中间,有一种关于语言的“科学”观点占了上风(A“scientific” view of language)。在这种观点的影响下(under the force of this view),修辞艺术从被认为价值可疑的地位(the status of be regarded as of questionable worth)变成被宣告为完全不适用的地位(the status of being wholly condemned)。由此可以推论,在19世纪后期(in the late nineteenth century),修辞学至少在两方面(in at least two ways)被认为是价值可疑的艺术(a dubious art):即歪曲真理的手段和错误行动之源(a means to distort truth and a source of misguided action)。这就是B的内容。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/tXpYFFFM
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
A、BushmetIraqiPrimeMinisteronFriday.B、BrzezinskiisamemberofRepublicanParty.C、Americanpeoplehavenomuchconfiden
OneofthecharacteristicsthathavemadeMarkTwainamajorliteraryfigureinthe19thcenturyAmericaishisuseof______.
Toseehowbigcarrierscouldcontroltheonlineworld,youmustunderstanditsstructures.EarthlinkgivesJenniferaccesstot
AtatimewhenatoweringpersonalitylikeMme.Curiehascometotheendofherlife,letusnotmerelyrestcontentrecalling
CharacteristicsofaBureaucracyPeopleusuallyholdnegativeopiniontowardsbureaucracy,butaccordingtoMaxWeber,burea
PaulaJones’caseagainstBillClintonisnow,forallpossiblepoliticalconsequencesandcapacityformediasensation,afairy
StatisticⅠ.Thedefendantisguiltyornot?Expert:1)ADNAsample【1】______defendant’s.
Maslow’sHierarchyofNeedsAbrahamMaslowhasdevelopedafamoustheoryofhumanneeds,whichcanbearrangedinorderofim
IrememberMaxverywell.HehadaPh.D.fromPrinceton.HewasaChaucerian.Hewasbrilliant(eloquent,andprofessorial.He
"WhenIdirectShakespeare,"theatricalinnovatorPeterSellarsoncesaid,"thefirstthingIdoisgotothetextforcuts.Ig
随机试题
简述颅内、外的静脉交通。
岩体的基本质量主要由岩石的坚硬程度和岩体完整程度决定。是岩体所固有的属性。从岩石坚硬程度的定性划分,主要根据对岩石风化情况、锤击手感、浸水后的反应等方面进行判断。以下对岩石坚硬度划分正确的是()。
【背景资料】某水利枢纽工程由混凝土重力坝、溢洪道和坝后式厂房等组成。。发包人与承包人签订了混凝土重力坝施工合同。合同约定的节点工期要求:(1)2005年12月1日进场准备(指“四通一平”);(2)围堰填筑及基坑排水在2006年11月1日开始;(3
盐渍吐露堤应分层铺垫分层压实,每层松铺厚度不大于()。
如果市场是强式有效的,证券组合的管理者会选择()的态度,只求获得市场平均的收益水平。
请根据人教版高中历史必修1第1课《夏商周的政治制度》的内容写一篇说课稿。
试述“教会学生学习”的重要性,并联系实际谈谈怎样教会学生学习。
(2010年黑龙江.61)请从所给的四个选项中,选择最合适的一个填在问号处,使之呈现一定的规律性:
令f(x)=x-[x],求极限.
EventsBicycletourandraceAbiketourandracewillbeheldonMayIand2(Sat.&Sun.),at6:00a.m.Theriderswilllea
最新回复
(
0
)