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  3. For many countries there are only two legal means for obtaining technology: to permit multinational companies to conduct busines

For many countries there are only two legal means for obtaining technology: to permit multinational companies to conduct busines

admin2012-08-05  33
问题      For many countries there are only two legal means for obtaining technology: to permit multinational companies to conduct business within their borders and the use of licensing agreements. Japan ranks high among the nations that have gone to some lengths to keep foreign-owned companies out of industries connected with national defense. And the case of Japan is commonly cited for the idea that such a policy is feasible. In this case, multinational ownership is not important for the efficient transfer of technological information between nations; the use of licensing agreements is just as efficient.
    For over a hundred years Japan has consistently spent large sums of money and considerable human resources in an effort to obtain technology. Her ability to negotiate has been strengthened by the fact that most of the technology she wanted was not very secret. Japan’s position has also been strengthened by the fact that her internal market was large, so that access to this market could be offered to multinational companies as an incentive for them to grant licenses. Besides, Japan’s work force was literate and disciplined, so it was capable of applying the information it acquired. Finally, American and European companies might take a large share of the world market if they were not limited by licensing agreements. Conditions Of this sort, coming together in one nation, may well be unique, and the case of Japan may therefore not actually demonstrate that licensing is just as efficient as multinational ownership for the transfer of technology.
     In fact, Japan may be finding this method of operation less effective than in the past, as her needs for outside technology now require information which belongs to only a few companies and is more closely held.
     Furthermore, her need to use the markets of other countries is beginning to weaken its negotiating power she once had because of her control of her access to her internal market.
The last paragraph indicates all BUT ______.
选项 A、in the past, Japan had the control of foreign companies’ contact with the Japanese market
B、now Japan needs to Sell her goods and services to other countries
C、now Japan loses the control over its internal market
D、now Japan’s business expansion abroad is becoming more important than the need to control the internal market
答案C
解析 推理判断题。文章最后两句提到日本过去获得技术的行之有效的办法已今非昔比。原因在于现在她所需要的技术仅为少数公司所有并不轻易转让；另外，过去她控制着国内市场的开放(说明A正确)，因此在谈判桌上占有优势，而现在她对别国市场的需求开始削弱这种优势(说明B 正确)；综上所述，可以推断D 也正确，因此本题答案为C。
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