Complete the following sentences. Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. The speaker identifies the following two

PROFESSOR:
    Welcome to our Examinations Workshop-this is an annual event which we’ve found very helpful for first-year students like yourselves and I hope that this year will be no exception.
    By now you’ll all have realized that studying at university is quite different to studying at school. Some of you might have been shocked at one time or another during the semester, when you received results for your assignments that weren’t as high as you’d expected. I trust that you’ve spoken to your lecturers and tutors and sorted out those issues. The truth is that the transition from school to university can be a difficult one. The academic standards are higher and of course, there is considerably less supervision at university and it’s incumbent on the students to follow their own study regime.
    My aim today though is to help you to learn how to cope with the impending exam period by giving you some practical strategies to take with you into the exam.
    We’ve all known students who’ve had a good understanding of the subject material yet failed exams or performed well-below expectations. Likewise, we’ve known students that have to all intents and purposes done very little work and passed with flying colours. Often these results can be put down to one thing-stress or a lack of it.
    Don’t underestimate the importance that stress plays in exam performance. With any exam, you should front up feeling confident, relaxed and organized. Rightly or wrongly, exams in effect, not only test your academic ability, they test your frame of mind and your ability to perform under pressure.
    Stress has to be managed on two fronts-the physiological and the psychological. We all recognise that stress affects us physically-I’m sure you’ve all experienced an increased pulse, or sweaty hands or underarms, or shortness of breath when placed in a stressful situation. Sleeplessness can also be a problem around exam time. The most effective way to manage these physiological reactions is through controlled breathing-which we’ll practise later. By controlling or regulating your breathing, you’ll find that you can put yourself rather effectively into a relaxed state.
    Psychologically, stress affects the way you think. For an exam you need to think rationally and this is why you need to be confident and organized before walking into the exam. Continuing to think rationally after you read an exam paper which you know nothing about is very hard to do. But if you are organized and you’ve put in the time needed to learn the subject material, you will have the self-control you need to think rationally. Stress can make you panic-the worst thing you can do in an exam. Look at the question calmly and rationally dissect the question. And let’s face it, even if you haven’t prepared well enough, you’ll still need to think rationally in order to do your best under those very trying circumstances!
    Just while I think of it, this is probably a good time to tell you a piece of advice that I give first-year students that come to see me. Don’t rely on what other students tell you about the time they allocate to study. The reports we have had over the years have been ridiculously overestimated and underestimated. Follow your own study regime and don’t listen to others. We’re all different, so it stands to reason that the time we need to allocate to study will be different! Generally speaking, for every hour of lectures you attend, you will need another hour of follow-up or research work if you want to achieve good grades.
    Right-so where was I? We have to learn how to control our breathing and we need to have enough confidence in our ability to be able to think rationally.
    Time Management is another important factor that can make or break you in an exam situation. After you have gone through the breathing exercises which you’ll be familiar with, read over the entire exam noting the different marks and weighting of questions. Only after you have done this can you allocate your own time to each question. If I had a dollar for every time a student has told me that they didn’t do as well in an exam as they’d hoped, because they’d run out of time I’d be rich! If you can manage your time properly in an exam, you will reduce the amount of pressure that you’re under.
    Anyway, note the different questions and their marks and allocate your time accordingly-as I said. Then, answer the questions that you know first. This serves to relax you further and gives you the confidence you might need to tackle the more difficult questions. However, don’t spend too much time on the easy questions either-always be mindful of the time restraint and the marks that are assigned to the question.
    In summary, to do well in an exam, you not only need the academic ability-you need to be in a relaxed state of mind with the ability to think clearly enough under pressure, to allocate suitable time frames to questions. If you can equip yourself with these skills and train yourself to observe time management, exam success is almost guaranteed.
    We’ll be holding a study skills workshop next week in the Language ＆ Learning Centre to deal with ways in which you can study effectively for exams. You are all welcome of course. Right, now are you ready to learn some controlled breathing exercises?