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  3. To function well in the world, people need a good sense of where their body is in space and how it’s postured. This "position se

To function well in the world, people need a good sense of where their body is in space and how it’s postured. This "position se

admin2022-11-25  56
问题     To function well in the world, people need a good sense of where their body is in space and how it’s postured. This "position sense" helps us coordinate high-fives, boot a soccer ball or pick up the remote. But that doesn’t seem to mean that our brains have an accurate sense of our body’s precise proportions. A new study found that people tend to have rather inaccurate mental models of their own hands.
    When asked to estimate where the fingertips and finger joints of their hidden hands were, study volunteers were way off. But they were all incorrect in the same directions, guessing that their hands were both shorter and wider than they actually were. The findings come from a study led by Matthew Longo of the Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience at University College London. "Our results show dramatic distortions of hand shape, which were highly consistent across participants," Longo said in a prepared statement.
    He and his co-author, Patrick Haggard, had subjects place their left hand on a platform (using different orientations in different groups), which was then covered with a board to obscure the hand. The subjects were asked to use their free right hand point with a stick to the location of each finger joint and fingertip of their left hand. The process was filmed and compared to before and after pictures of the hand. On average, the volunteers judged their hands to be 27.9 percent shorter and 69 percent wider than they were measure to be. Underestimation of each finger length, from the thumb to the little finger, increased by about 7 percent in each finger, rendering the little finger quite a bit littler than it really was.
    This trend "mirrors similar grades of decreasing sensory acuteness," the authors pointed out, and the results seem to back up models of the human body constructed from the amount of sensory cortex dedicated to various body parts. In these models the hands and face are disproportionately large in comparison to most of the body. But Longo and Haggard are still not sure why the brain has such a distorted perception of our hand proportions.
    Longo speculated that these disproportions might occur in other parts of the body as well. "These findings may well be relevant to psychiatric conditions involving body image such as anorexia nervosa, as there may be a general bias toward perceiving the body to be wider than it is," Longo said. "Our healthy participants had a basically accurate visual image of their own body, but the brain’s model of the hand underling position sense was highly distorted. This distorted perception could come to dominate in some people, leading to distortions of body image."
It can be learned from the first paragraph that ________.
选项 A、position sense helps people coordinate high and far
B、brains have accurate sense of our hands’ proportions
C、people have imprecise sense of their hand shape
D、we do not need good sense of our bodies’ proportions
答案C
解析 根据题干可直接定位到第一段。其中该段第三句讲到，大脑似乎不能准确感知我们身体的精确比例。最后一句则提到大脑中关于双手的心理模型往往不准确(inaccurate mental models of their own hands)，C项中的imprecise sense of their hand shape与此对应，意思基本吻合，故C项为本题答案。A项是对该段第二句的错误解读，文中high-fives和remote分别指的是“击掌”和“遥控器”，不是描述 “高”或“远”。第三句中的doesn’t…mean that…表明B项的表述不正确，B项与文意相反。第一句说到人要发挥正常机能，就必须有良好的“方位感”，而第三句又说到大脑似乎不能准确感知我们身体的精确比例，现实情况的“不能准确感知”并不说明人类“没必要很精确地感知”身体的比例，两者表述并不对等，所以不选D项。
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