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  3. In the 1950s, the pioneers of artificial intelligence(AI)predicted that, by the end of this century, computers would be conversi

In the 1950s, the pioneers of artificial intelligence(AI)predicted that, by the end of this century, computers would be conversi

admin2016-06-22  13
问题     In the 1950s, the pioneers of artificial intelligence(AI)predicted that, by the end of this century, computers would be conversing with us at work and robots would be performing our housework. But as useful as computers are, they’re nowhere close to achieving anything remotely resembling these early aspirations for humanlike behavior. Never mind something as complex as conversation: the most powerful computers struggle to reliably recognize the shape of an object, the most elementary of tasks for a ten-month-old kid.
    A growing group of AI researchers think they know where the field went wrong. The problem, the scientists say, is that AI has been trying to separate the highest, most abstract levels of thought, like language and mathematics, and to duplicate them with logical, step-by-step programs. A new movement in AI, on the other hand, takes a closer look at the more roundabout way in which nature came up with intelligence. Many of these researchers study evolution and natural adaptation instead of formal logic and conventional computer programs. Rather than digital computers and transistors, some want to work with brain cells and proteins. The results of these early efforts are as promising as they are peculiar, and the new nature-based AI movement is slowly but surely moving to the forefront of the field.
    Imitating the brain’s neural(神经的)network is a huge step in the right direction, says computer scientist and biophysicist Michael Conrad, but it still misses an important aspect of natural intelligence. "People tend to treat the brain as if it were made up of color-coded transistors," he explains. "But it’s not simply a clever network of switches. There are lots of important things going on inside the brain cells themselves. " Specifically, Conrad believes that many of the brain’s capabilities stem from the pattern-recognition proficiency of the individual molecules that make up each brain cell. The best way to build an artificially intelligent device, he claims, would be to build it around the same sort of molecular skills.
    Right now, the notion that conventional computers and software are fundamentally incapable of matching the processes that take place in the brain remains controversial. But if it proves true, then the efforts of Conrad and his fellow AI rebels could turn out to be the only game in town.
What’s the author’s opinion about the new AI movement?
选项 A、It has created a sensation among artificial intelligence researchers but will soon die out
B、It’s a breakthrough in duplicating human thought processes.
C、It’s more like a peculiar game rather than a real scientific effort.
D、It may prove to be in the right direction though nobody is sure of its future prospects.
答案D
解析 本题问的是作者对于人工智能的研究动向的观点是什么。本题主要应从文章最后一段去理解。文章最后一段说，对于普通计算机和软件根本上不能代替人脑的观念是有争议的。但是，如果这一观念被证实是正确的话，那么Conrad和他的同伴的努力将变成这一领域中唯一的方向。正确回答本题的关键在于理解“turn out to be the only gamein town”的比喻含义。
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