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  3. Testing has replaced teaching in most public schools. My own children’s school week is focused on pretests, drills, tests, and r

Testing has replaced teaching in most public schools. My own children’s school week is focused on pretests, drills, tests, and r

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问题       Testing has replaced teaching in most public schools. My own children’s school week is focused on pretests, drills, tests, and retests. I believe that my daughter Erica, who gets excellent marks, has never read a chapter of any of her school textbooks all the way through. And teachers are often heard to state proudly and openly that they teach to the state test.
      Teaching to the test is a curious phenomenon. Instead of deciding what skills students ought to learn, helping students learn them, and then using some sensible methods of assessment (评估) to discover whether students have mastered the skills, teachers are encouraged to reverse the process. First one looks at a test. Then one draws the skills needed not to master, say, reading, but to do well on the test. Finally, the test skills are taught.
      The ability to read or write or calculate might imply the ability to do reasonably well on standard tests. However, neither reading nor writing develops simply through being taught to take tests. We must be careful to avoid mistaking preparation for a test of a skill with the acquisition of that skill. Too many discussions of basic skills make this fundamental confusion because people are test obsessed rather than concerned with the nature and quality of what is taught.
      Recently many schools have faced with what could be called the crisis of comprehension or, in simple terms, the phenomenon of students with grammar skills still being unable to understand what they read. These students are good at test taking, but they have little or no experience reading or thinking, and talking about what they read. They are taught to be so concerned with grade that they have no time or ease of mind to think about meaning, and reread things if necessary.  
What are students encouraged to do nowadays at school?
选项 A、To master basic reading skills.
B、To learn how to deal with tests.
C、To read well in order to pass tests.
D、To master all kinds of skills.
答案B
解析 文中讲到在当今的社会应试教育成风，教师为考试而教学，学生则为了考试而学习应付考试的技巧。
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