2. 外语
  3. By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. The roughly 20 million【C1】______of these nati

By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. The roughly 20 million【C1】______of these nati

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问题    By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. The roughly 20 million【C1】______of these nations looked【C2】______to the future. Born in the crisis of the old regime and Iberian Colonialism, many of the leaders of independence【C3】______the ideals of representative government, careers【C4】______to talent, freedom of commerce and trade, the【C5】______to private property, and a belief in the individual as the basis of so ciety. 【C6】______there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states, large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a【C7】______set of laws. On the issue of【C8】______of religion and the position of the Church, 【C9】______, there was less a greement 【C10】______the leadership. Roman Catholicism had been the state religion and the only one【C11】______by the Spanish crown. 【C12】______most leaders sought to maintain Catholicism【C13】______the official religion of the new states, some sought to end the【C14】______of other faiths. The defense of the Church became a rallying【C15】______for the conservative forces. The ideals of the early leaders of independence were often egalitarian, valuing equality of every thing. Bolivar had received aid from Haiti and had【C16】______in return to abolish slavery in the areas he liberated. By 1854 slavery had been abolished everywhere except Spain’s【C17】______colonies. Early promises to end Indian tribute and taxes on people of mixed origin came much【C18】______because the new nations still needed the revenue such policies【C19】______Egalitarian sentiments were often tempered by fears that the mass of the population was【C20】______self-rule and democracy.
【C8】
选项 A、freedom
B、origin
C、impact
D、reform
答案A
解析 语义衔接题。本题选择名词，在句子中做宾语。“On the issue of 28 of religion and the position of the Church…”关于宗教的______和教会地位的问题。A项freedom自由；B项origin起源；C项impact影响；D项reform改革。四个选项代入句子中似乎都合理。前文叙述未涉及宗教，所以相关信息应在后文。根据后文可知，罗马天主教是西班牙国教，是西班牙王室唯一认可的宗教，多数领导人主张保留天主教为新国家的官方宗教，而另外一些领导人致力于终结排斥其他宗教的状况。显然，他们在宗教信仰问题上产生了分歧。因此，正确答案为A项。
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