首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Seven years ago, a group of female scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology produced a piece of research showing
Seven years ago, a group of female scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology produced a piece of research showing
admin
2016-12-28
88
问题
Seven years ago, a group of female scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology produced a piece of research showing that senior women professors in the institute’s school of science had lower salaries and received fewer resources for research than their male counterparts did. Discrimination against female scientists has
cropped up
elsewhere. One study—conducted in Sweden, of all places—showed that female medical-research scientists had to be twice as good as men to win research grants. These pieces of work, though, were relatively small-scale. Now, a much larger study has found that discrimination plays a role in the pay gap between male and female scientists at British universities.
Sara Connolly, a researcher at the University of East Anglia’s school of economics, has been analyzing the results of a survey of over 7,000 scientists and she has just presented her findings at this year’s meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science in Norwich. She found that the average pay gap between male and female academics working in science, engineering and technology is around £ 1,500 ( $2,850) a year.
That is not, of course, irrefutable proof of discrimination. An alternative hypothesis is that the courses of men’s and women’s lives mean the gap is caused by something else; women taking "career breaks" to have children, for example, and thus rising more slowly through the hierarchy. Unfortunately for that idea, Dr. Connolly found that men are also likely to earn more within any given grade of the hierarchy. Male professors, for example, earn over £4,000 a year more than female ones.
To prove the point beyond doubt, Dr. Connolly worked out how much of the overall pay differential was explained by differences such as seniority, experience and age, and how much was unexplained, and therefore suggestive of discrimination. Explicable differences amounted to 77% of the overall pay gap between the sexes. That still left a substantial 23% gap in pay, which Dr.
Connolly attributes to discrimination.
Besides pay, her study also looked at the "glass-ceiling" effect—namely that at all stages of a woman’s career she is less likely than her male colleagues to be promoted. Between postdoctoral and lecturer level, men are more likely to be promoted than women are, by a factor of between 1.04 and 2.45. Such differences are bigger at higher grades, with the hardest move of all being for a woman to settle into a professorial chair.
Of course, it might be that, at each grade, men do more work than women, to make themselves more eligible for promotion. But that explanation, too, seems to be wrong. Unlike the previous studies, Dr. Connolly’s compared the experience of scientists in universities with that of those in other sorts of laboratory. It turns out that female academic researchers face more barriers to promotion, and have a wider gap between their pay and that of their male counterparts, than do their sisters in industry or research institutes independent of universities. Private enterprise, in other words, delivers more equality than the supposedly egalitarian world of academia does.
Which of followings could be the best title for the text?
选项
A、Take the Lead
B、Free to Flutter
C、The Hardest Move
D、Mind the Gap
答案
D
解析
这是一道中心主旨题,测试考生对原文整体把握以及对中心主旨理解的能力。本题的答案信息在原文首段的尾句(即本文的中心主旨句),其大意是:“现在,一次更大规模的研究(即萨拉·康纳利的研究)已经发现歧视在英国大学男女科学家收入差距(pay gap)方面起着作用”。由此可以推断出本题的正确选项应该是D。考生在阅读时要注意识别和理解原文的中心主旨句。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/qdT7FFFM
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Theyareregardedaschoresbybothsexes,butfalldisproportionatelyononlyone.ThelatestsurveyoftimeuseinAmericasug
Theyareregardedaschoresbybothsexes,butfalldisproportionatelyononlyone.ThelatestsurveyoftimeuseinAmericasug
Theyareregardedaschoresbybothsexes,butfalldisproportionatelyononlyone.ThelatestsurveyoftimeuseinAmericasug
Ourape-menforefathershadnoobviousnaturalweaponsinthestrugglefor【C1】______intheopen.Theyhadneitherthepowerfult
Ourape-menforefathershadnoobviousnaturalweaponsinthestrugglefor【C1】______intheopen.Theyhadneitherthepowerfult
Whenaskedspecificallyaboutthecreativeprocess,Dr.Schutzexplainedthatfearismostresponsibleforblockingthecreativi
Inrecentdecades,scientistshavebecomeincreasinglyawareoftheparttheobserver【C1】______inthescientificprocess.Inthe
Inrecentdecades,scientistshavebecomeincreasinglyawareoftheparttheobserver【C1】______inthescientificprocess.Inthe
TheEconomistcalculatesthataroundtheworldalmost290million15-to24-year-oldsareneitherworkingnorstudying:almosta
TheEconomistcalculatesthataroundtheworldalmost290million15-to24-year-oldsareneitherworkingnorstudying:almosta
随机试题
A、 B、 C、 B题干问的是这首歌是谁唱的。A选项说自己是个好歌手;C选项说索耶夫人的去向,均与题干无关。B选项说没听过这首歌,所以不知道歌手是谁,符合题意,故选B。
急性肾衰无尿或少尿早期,发生水中毒的常见原因是()
试述过敏性休克的抢救措施。
可以协助诊断输卵管妊娠破裂的检查项目是
以演示账套“云顺公司”为基础资料,进入演示账套“云顺公司”。新建报表,表页标识“01工资分配表”。添加表页,标识“02工资分配表”关键字:云顺,将表页锁定。
不同幼儿学习某一动作的具体时间不同,但是任何一个幼儿的动作的发展顺序是一致的,这体现了心理发展的()。
It’srelaxingtogetclosetonature________thebeauty.
人民代表大会是我国立法机关和国家权力机关,享有撤销法规、规章等规范性文件和人事罢免的权力,其监督权属于()监督权,因而具有极大的权威性。
先进性是马克思主义政党的生命所系、力量所在。党在新阶段的先进性是要靠千千万万高素质的党员在发展中国特色社会主义的具体实践中的先锋模范作用体现出来的。离开了党员的先进性。党的先进性就成了无源之水。在新的历史条件下共产党员保持和发展先进性要
Whydon’tbirdsgetlostontheirlongflightsfromoneplacetoanother?Scientistshavepuzzledoverthisquestionforalong
最新回复
(
0
)