首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
WHO, working closely with its Member States, other United Nations agencies and non governmental organizations, is focusing on ma
WHO, working closely with its Member States, other United Nations agencies and non governmental organizations, is focusing on ma
admin
2010-06-18
52
问题
WHO, working closely with its Member States, other United Nations agencies and non governmental organizations, is focusing on major crippling forms of malnutrition: protein energy malnutrition, iodine deficiency disorders, vitamin A deficiency, and iron deficiency anaemia.
In some regions, such as sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia, stagnation of nutritional improvement combined with a rapid rise in population has resulted in an actual increase in the total number of malnourished children. Currently, over-two-thirds of the world’s malnourished children live in Asia, followed by Africa and Latin America.
Various types of micronutrient malnutrition are important causes of disability in themselves and often underlie other types of morbidity. Their prevalence is even more widespread than that of protein-energy malnutrition.
In sheer numbers, iron is the most prevalent micronutrient deficiency, with nearly 1,990 million people being anemic and 3,600 million iron-deficient. Iron deficiency is present when body iron stores are depleted.
Mainly women of reproductive age and children under five are affected by iron deficiency, with prevalences hovering around 50% in developing countries. Among various regions of the world, it is south Asia which is hit hardest with prevalences reaching 80% in some countries. In infants and young children even mild anaemia is associated with impaired intellectual as well as physical development. In older children and adults iron deficiency reduces work capacity and output. It also leads to increased absenteeism and accidents at work. During pregnancy, maternal anaemia aggravates the effects of hemorrhage at childbirth and is a major contributing factor to maternal mortality.
While there is no single remedy, a combination of several preventive approaches is believed to work best; Dietary improvement includes consumption of iron- and vitamin C-rich foods and foods of animal origin, and avoiding drinking tea or coffee with or soon after meals. Iron fortification of foods, particularly of staple cereals, is practiced in a growing number of countries. Iron supplementation is the most common approach, particularly for pregnant women.
Another major problem is iodine deficiency disorders (IDD). Iodine deficiency remains the single greatest cause of preventable brain damage and mental retardation worldwide. WHO estimated in 1990 that 1,570 million people, or about 30% of the world’s population, were at risk of IDD.
Insufficient intakes of iodine in pregnancy and early childhood result in impaired mental development of young children. Even marginal deficiency may reduce a child’s mental development by as much as 10 IQ points.
The third major micronutrient’ deficiency is vitamin A deficiency which is officially recognized in 76 countries as a major public health problem. The number of children under five affected clinically is estimated at 2.8 million, with 258 million being diagnosed as having a biochemical deficienicy. The highest prevalence and numbers are in Southeast Asia.
Depletion, occurs when the diet contains too little vitamin A to replace the amount used by tissues. The consequences include night blindness and the destruction of the cornea. Vitamin A deficiency is the most common cause of blindness in young children. Where clinical vitamin A deficiency is a public health problem, young child mortality rates are raised by 20% to 30%.
There are several tried and tested ways of preventing and treating vitamin A deficiency, including improved production and consumption of foods rich in vitamin A or carotene, especially dark-green leafy vegetables and fruits, and liver, eggs and milk products if available. Fortification of fats has been successfully introduced in industrialized countries while the same technique using sugar proved to be equally successful in Central America. Another useful strategy is supplementation with large doses of vitamin A every 4 to 6 months for children of pre-school age and lactating women.
The largest number of malnourished children live in ______.
选项
A、Asia
B、Lain America
C、Europe
D、Africa
答案
A
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/q83YFFFM
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
A、Hebelievesitisnothighenoughasfarasthejobcategoriesareconcerned.B、Hehesitatestosaythattheincomeistoolow
InAustralia,reportsaboutAboriginalpeopleoftenmakefordepressingreading.Justafewdaysago,thelatestofficialreport
Howisurbanizationnegativelyaffectingoursociety?Theanswertothisquestionisnotasimpleone.Urbanism【C1】______,polit
WhatdoesChicagomayormeanbysayingthat"...youaresupposedtojust,onyourown,turnthataround."(para.4)?Britain
Ispenttheusuallongafternoonatworkdoinglittlebutorderingtests,farmorethanIthoughtanypatientneeded,butthat’s
Ispenttheusuallongafternoonatworkdoinglittlebutorderingtests,farmorethanIthoughtanypatientneeded,butthat’s
Amajorstudyofthegrocery-buyinghabitsofmillionsofAmericansreleasedlatelastyearfoundthatpeopleusingfoodstamps
Withincreasingprosperity,WesternEuropeanyouthishavingaflingthatiscreationdistinctiveconsumerandculturalpatterns
1HostilitytoGypsieshasexistedalmostfromthetimetheyfirstappearedinEuropeinthe14thcentury.Theoriginsofth
Cultureshockisapainfulexperiencewegothroughwhenweencountermanynewthingsinanothercountryandwe【1】______insom
随机试题
患者,女性,40岁,类风湿关节炎10年,长期服用非甾体抗炎药,化验血常规血红蛋白7.8G/L,下列关于该病人贫血说法错误的是
某产妇,体重50kg,前置胎盘,分娩时失血2000ml,在输注晶体液、胶体液、红细胞及血小板的前提下,应补充冷沉淀
患者,女,40岁。近3个月月经时或提前,时或错后,头部面颊阵发性烘热汗出,五心烦热,腰膝酸疼,溲黄便结,舌红苔少,脉细数.首选方是
暴发型肝炎指
与其他机床相比较,磨床具有什么特点?
依照原企业所得税的规定,提取管理费的总机构不须具备下列条件中的()。
直接金融市场和间接金融市场的区别在于()。
某机械设备制造公司拥有员工350名,本年度总人工费用为525万元,全年的营业收入为1000万元,则该公司的人工费用比率为()。
1903年,美国心理学家布鲁纳出版了《教育心理学》。()
欠缴税款的纳税人因怠于行使到期债权,或者放弃到期债权,或者无偿转让财产,或者以明显不合理的低价转让财产而受让人知道该情形,对国家税收造成损害的,税务机关可依照《合同法》第七十三条、第七十四条的规定行使()、撤销权。
最新回复
(
0
)