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  3. Most online fraud involves identity theft, which is why businesses that operate on the web have a keen interest in distinguishin

Most online fraud involves identity theft, which is why businesses that operate on the web have a keen interest in distinguishin

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问题    Most online fraud involves identity theft, which is why businesses that operate on the web have a keen interest in distinguishing impersonator from genuine customers. Passwords help. But many can be guessed or are jotted down imprudently. Newer phones, tablets, laptops and desktop computers often have beefed-up security with fingerprint and facial recognition. But these can be spoofed. To overcome these shortcomings, the next level of security is likely to identify people using things which are harder to copy, such as the way they walk.
   Many online security services already use a system called device finger printing. This employs software to note things like the model type of a gadget employed by a particular user; its hardware configuration; its operating system; the apps which have been downloaded onto it; and other features, including sometimes the Wi-Fi networks it regularly connects through hand devices like headsets it plugs into.
   The results are sufficient to build a profile of both the device and its user’ s habits. If something unusual is then spotted—say, a bank detects access to an account from a phone with a different profile from that which a customer usually uses—it can take appropriate measures. For example, additional security questions can be posed.
   LexisNexis Risk Solutions, an American analytics firm, has catalogued more than 4bn phones, tablets and other computers in this way for banks and other clients. Roughly 7% of them have been used for shenanigans of some sort. But device fingerprinting is becoming less useful. Apple,Google and other makers of equipment and operating systems have been steadily restricting the range of attributes that can be observed remotely. The reason for doing this is to limit the amount of personal information that could fall into unauthorised hands. But such restrictions also make it harder to distinguish illegitimate from legitimate users.
   That is why a new approach, behavioural biometrics, is gaining ground. It relies on the wealth of measurements made by today’ s devices. These include data from accelerometers and gyroscopic sensors that reveal how people hold their phones when using them, how they carry them and even the way they walk. Touch screens, keyboards and mice can be monitored to show the distinctive ways in which someone’ s fingers and hands move. Sensors can detect whether a phone has been set down on a hard surface such as a table or dropped lightly on a soft one such as a bed. If the hour is appropriate, this action could be used to assume when a user has retired for the night. These traits can then be used to determine whether someone attempting to make a transaction is likely to be the device’ s habitual user.
   Behavioural biometrics make it possible to identify an individual’s "unique motion fingerprint", says John Whaley, head of UnifyID, a firm in Silicon Valley that is involved in the field. With the right software, data from a phone’ s sensors can reveal details as personal as which part of someone’ s foot strikes the pavement first, and how hard; the length of a walker’s stride; the number of strides per minute; and the swing and spring in the walker’ s hips and step. It can also work out whether the phone in question is in a handbag, a pocket or held in a hand.
   Used unwisely, however, the system could become yet another electronic spy on people’ s privacy, permitting complete strangers to monitor your every action, from the moment you reach for your phone in the morning, to when you fling it on the floor at night.
According to the author, what is NOT true about the security related to the digital products?
选项 A、The online business focuses more on the identify security to prevent cheat.
B、The update of the digital system will strengthen the security of digital products.
C、The way we walk is hard to duplicate and which can be an efficient way to guarantee our security.
D、During the online fraud, password could be guessed or cracked, so it is useless.
答案D
解析 根据题干关键词可定位到文章第一段。题干意为“有关电子产品安全性的描述，不正确的是哪一项?”A项“网上经营的企业更注重欺诈”与第一段第一句意思一致。B项“数码产品系统的更新增强了电子产品的安全性”与第一段第四句意思一致。C项“我们走路的方式很难复制，这可以有效保障我们的安全”与文意符合。D项“密码被猜中或破解，所以没有用”的后半句属于过度推断，文中并未提到useless，只提到help，与文意相反。故本题选D。
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