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  3. Growth in oil and gas supplies will make the U. S. virtually self-sufficient in energy by 2030, according to a BP report publish

Growth in oil and gas supplies will make the U. S. virtually self-sufficient in energy by 2030, according to a BP report publish

admin2012-07-05  34
问题     Growth in oil and gas supplies will make the U. S. virtually self-sufficient in energy by 2030, according to a BP report published on Wednesday.
    In a development with enormous geopolitical implications, the country’s dependence on oil imports from potentially unstable countries in the Middle East and elsewhere would disappear, BP said, although Britain and western Europe would still need Gulf supplies.
    BP’s latest energy outlook forecasts a growth in unconventional energy sources, " including U. S. shale (页岩) oil and gas, Canadian oil sands and Brazilian deepwater, plus a gradual decline in demand, that would see North America become almost totally energy self-sufficient" in two decades. BP’s chief executive, Bob Dudley, said, " Our report challenges some long-held beliefs. Significant changes in U. S. supply-and-demand prospects, for example, highlight the likelihood that import dependence in what is today’s largest energy importer will decline substantially. "
    The report said the volume of oil imports in the U. S. would fall below 1990s levels, largely due to rising domestic shale oil production and ethanol (乙醇) replacing crude. The U. S. would also become a net exporter of natural gas.
    Overall, global energy demand would surge in the next 20 years, fuelled by economic and population growth in Asia, but at a slowing annual rate, due to advances in energy efficiency and growth of re-newables.
    World energy demand is likely to grow by 39% over the next two decades, or 1. 6% annually, almost entirely in non-OECD (非经济合作与发展组织) countries. Consumption in non-OECD countries is expected to rise by just 4% in total over the period.
    Global energy will remain dominated by fossil fuels, which are forecast to account for 81% of energy demand by 2030, down about 6% from current levels. The period should also see increased fuel-switching , with more gas and renewables used at the expense of coal and oil.  
What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?
选项 A、The U. S. has become self-sufficient in oil and gas.
B、The U. S. will not rely on importing oil from some region.
C、Oil in the Middle East is potentially unstable and will disappear.
D、Britain and Western Europe import oil from the U. S.
答案B
解析 事实细节题。本题考查对原文细节的理解。根据原文第二段．．．．the country’s dependence on oil imports…in the Middle East and elsewhere would disappear…可知，美国将不再依赖从中东和世界其他地区进口石油。B)含义与之吻合，故为答案。rely on与dependence on同义，注意细节题中同义词的替换。原文第一段指出到2030年，美国可以实现自给自足能源，故排除A)；原文第二段指出中东国家存在潜在的不稳定性，而非指石油的不稳定，故排除C)；原文第二段最后一句指出英国和西欧将仍从海湾进口石油，故排除D)。
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