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  3. Genetically engineered crops are safe for humans and animals to eat and have not caused increases in cancer, obesity, gastrointe

Genetically engineered crops are safe for humans and animals to eat and have not caused increases in cancer, obesity, gastrointe

admin2019-05-09  45
问题    Genetically engineered crops are safe for humans and animals to eat and have not caused increases in cancer, obesity, gastrointestinal illnesses, Sidney disease, autism or allergies, an exhaustive report from the National Academies of Science released Tuesday found.
   Overall, genetically engineered(GE)crops saved farmers in the United States money but didn’t appear to increase crop yields. They have lowered pest populations in some areas, especially in the Midwest but increased the number of herbicide-resistant weeds in others. There’ s also no evidence that GE crops have affected the population of monarch butterflies, the report said.
   To gauge whether foods made from genetically modified crops were safe for human consumption, the committee compared disease reports from the United States and Canada, where such crops have been consumed since the mid-1990s, and those in the United Kingdom and western Europe, where they are not widely eaten. No long-term pattern of increase in specific health problems after the introduction of GE foods in the 1990s in the United States and Canada was found.
   There was no correlation between obesity or Type II diabetes and the consumption of GE foods. Celiac disease, which makes humans intolerant of gluten, increased in both populations. Patterns in the increase in autism spectrum disorder in children were similar in both the United Kingdom and the United States, the committee reported.
   Overall the report concluded that there were no differences in terms of a higher risk to human health between foods made from GE crops and those made from conventionally-bred crops.
   Food & Water Watch, a government accountability group in Washington D. C. , said the committee ’ s ties to the biotech industry and other corporations create conflicts of interest and raise questions about the independence of its work. "Critics have long beenmarginalized, "said Wenonah Hauter, the group’ s executive director.
   A significant portion of American consumers are concerned about the safety or other effects of foods made with genetically modified crops, often called GMOs for genetically modified organisms. A survey released last year by the NPD Group, a market research firm, found that 57% of Americans were concerned that genetically modified foods posed a health hazard.
   The food industry has taken notice. In 2015, Progressive Grocer, a trade publication, reported that total U. S. sales of food and beverage products labeled" non-GMO" reached $ 10 billion during 2014. The National Academies report will likely not sway these consumers, said Phil Lempert, a Los Angeles-based food industry analyst.
   " It’ s an emotional issue, it’ s not a science issue, " he said.
According to Paragraphs 3 and 4, we can infer that______.
选项 A、European people have widely accepted GE crops
B、GE crops have been introduced to Britain in the 1990s
C、Celiac disease has relationship to GE crops consumption
D、People in UK and US have suffered from overweight
答案D
解析 推理判断题。第三、四段中将美国、加拿大和英国、西欧出现的一些疾病作出比较。而第四段第一句There was no correlation between obesity or Type Ⅱ diabetes and the consumption of GE foods(肥胖、二型糖尿病与基因工程食物之间没有关联)用的第一个例子就是obesity(肥胖症)，故D项正确。A项与原文第三段中间and those in the United Kingdom and western Europe，where they are not widely eaten(而在英国和西欧，转基因作物的推行没有那么广泛)意思不符，所以A项错误；B项源自原文第三段where such crops have been consumed since the mid-1990s(其中，美国、加拿大从20世纪90年代中期开始食用转基因作物)，但这里没有提到英国，所以B项也是错误的；第四段第二句提到“麦胶性肠病(乳糜泻，对麸质不耐受)在大西洋两岸都有增长”，这说明这种疾病不是由于食用了转基因食物而引起的，所以C项也错误。
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