首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
(46)A recent phenomenon in present-day science and technology is the increasing trend towards "directed" or "programmed" researc
(46)A recent phenomenon in present-day science and technology is the increasing trend towards "directed" or "programmed" researc
admin
2009-04-26
58
问题
(46)
A recent phenomenon in present-day science and technology is the increasing trend towards "directed" or "programmed" research; i.e. research whose scope and objectives are predetermined by private or government organizations rather than researchers themselves.
Any scientist working for such organizations and investigating in a given field therefore tends to do so in accordance with a plan or program designed beforehand.
At the beginning of the century, however, the situation was quite different. At that time there were no industrial research organizations in the modern sense: the laboratory unit consisted of a few scientists at the most, assisted by one or two technicians. (47)
Nevertheless, the scientist, often working with inadequate equipment in unsuitable rooms, was free to choose any subject for investigation he liked, since there was no predetermined program to which he had to conform.
(48)
As the century developed, the increasing magnitude and complexity of the problems to be solved made it impossible, in many cases, for the individual scientist to deal with the huge mass of new data, techniques and equipment that were required for carrying out research accurately and efficiently.
The increasing scale and scope of the experiments needed to test new hypotheses and develop new techniques and industrial processes led to the setting up of research groups or teams using highly-complicated equipment in elaborately-designed laboratories. (49)
Owing to the large sums of money involved, it was then felt essential to direct these human and material resources into specific channels with clearly-defined objectives.
In this way it was considered that the quickest and most practical results could be obtained. This, then, was programmed (programmatic) research,
One of the effects of this organized and standardized investigation is to cause the scientist to become increasingly involved in applied research (development), especially in the branches of science which seem most likely to have industrial applications. Private industry and even government departments tend to concentrate on immediate results and show comparatively little interest in long-range investigations. (50)
In consequence, there is a steady shift of scientists from the pure to the applied field, where there are more jobs available, frequently more highly-paid and with better technical facilities than jobs connected with pure research in a university.
Owing to the interdependence between pure and applied science, it is easy to see that this system, if extended too far, carries considerable dangers for the future of science—and not only pure science, but applied science as well.
选项
答案
因此,科学家不断从理论科学研究领域转移到应用科学研究领域,因为后者能提供比在大学做纯理论研究工作更多的工作机会,而且通常待遇更优厚,技术设施更好。
解析
frequently more highly-paid and with better technical facilities than...是后置定语,修饰前面的名词jobs。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/oTURFFFM
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Genetherapyandgene-baseddrugsaretwowayswecouldbenefitfromourgrowingmasteryofgeneticscience.Buttherewillbeo
TheUnitedStateshashistoricallyhadhigherratesofmarriagethanthoseofotherindustrializedcountries.Thecurrentannual
Theroleofgovernmentsinenvironmentalmanagementisdifficultbutinescapable.Sometimes,thestatetriestomanagetheresou
HenricIbsen,authoroftheplay"ADoll’sHouse",inwhichapretty,helplesshousewifeabandonsherhusbandandchildrentose
HenricIbsen,authoroftheplay"ADoll’sHouse",inwhichapretty,helplesshousewifeabandonsherhusbandandchildrentose
ThefirstseriousprospectofacureforAids,______atreatmentwhichdelaysitseffects,hasemergedrecently.
Aninvisibleborderdividesthosearguingforcomputersintheclassroomonthebehalfofstudents’careerprospectsandthosea
WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph1?Accordingtothepassage,downshiftingemergedintheU.S.asaresult
WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph1?Jugglingone’slifeprobablymeanslivingalifecharacterizedby____
Google,thedominantInternetsearchcompany,isplanningtoraisethestakesinitsintensifyingcompetitionwithYahooandMic
随机试题
公安机关侦破一起盗窃案件,其中有四个犯罪嫌疑人:甲、乙、丙、丁。在侦查过程中,公安机关对下列四个犯罪嫌疑人的处理正确的是:()
下列关于六腑功能描述正确的是
关于投资的产业结构,下列说法错误的是()。
国际多式联运的提单不是货物收据。()
个人信贷业务操作风险产生的原因是()。
下列对理财产品特点的描述,属于货币型理财产品特点的有()。
如何激发和培养小学生的学习兴趣?
教育发展受制于政治经济制度等因素,但也具有相对独立性,具体表现在()。
给定资料资料一党的十九大报告提出的实施乡村振兴战略,正在温暖着各个村寨。乡亲们盼着乡村振兴,盼着农业强起来,生活富起来,农村美起来。基层干部反映,乡村振兴,急缺的就是资本。资本下乡,就是撬动乡村振兴的活水,是乡亲们的甘霖。随着我国“
A、Itmakesherexcitable.B、Itkeepsherawake.C、Shecan’tsayforsure.D、Shebecomessad.C在被问到吸烟对自己的影响时,女士否定了男士提到的吸烟使人更兴奋或清醒
最新回复
(
0
)