首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Beha
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Beha
admin
2017-08-26
11
问题
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can【C1】______ performance at work and school. Cognitive (认知派的) researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on【C2】______ and gifts from others.
The latter view has gained many supporters,【C3】______ among educators. But the careful use of small【C4】______ rewards sparks creativity in grade school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements (刺激) indeed【C5】______ inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.
"If kids know they’re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively【C6】______ task, they show the most creativity," says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. "But it’s easy to【C7】______ creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards."
A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for【C8】______ achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and【C9】______ failing grades.
In early grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points toward valued rewards, shows【C10】______ in raising efforts and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.
A) mental I) approval
B) promise J) monetary
C) kill K) generally
D) avoid L) improve
E) hope M) challenging
F) especially N) restore
G) aid O) excellent H) ordinary
【C9】
选项
答案
N
解析
由本空前的and可知,此处应填动词,与tighten对应。可选项有avoid和restore,但由tighten可推测出,既然是使评分标准严格,那么就会有高分和低分,也会有不及格,故只有restore符合题意。故答案为N)restore(恢复,归还)。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/o9NFFFFM
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
人口老龄化是指一个国家或地区老年人口增长的现象。生育率下降和人均寿命(lifeexpectancy)延长是导致人口老龄化的两大因素。根据联合国传统标准,一个国家有超过10%的人口超过60岁就被称为老龄化社会。由于计划生育政策的影响,中国大陆已于1999年
中国政府宣布每年的8月8日为“全民健身日”(NationalFitnessDay),推动全民健身。这一举动不仅在全国范围内普及了健康理念,还使人们锻炼的方式更加多样化。每天早晨,喜欢户外运动的老年人会聚集(congregate)在公园里锻炼身体,如打太
黄河流域(basin)是中国古代文明的发祥地,因此黄河被称作中华民族的母亲河、中华文明的摇篮。
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacampaignspeechinsupportofyourelectiontobeavolunteeroftheUniver
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledOnCampusMarriage.Youshouldwriteatleast150word
Wesometimesthinkhumansareuniquelyvulnerabletoanxiety,butstressseemstoaffecttheimmunedefensesofloweranimalsto
Anewstudyfindsthatevenmildstresscanaffectyourabilitytocontrolyouremotions.AteamofneuroscientistsatNewYork
A、Itwillaffectourphysicalhealth.B、Itwillaffectourpsychosocialhealth.C、Itwillmakeourlivesworse.D、Itwillmakeu
功夫(Kungfu)是一种典型的中国传统文化,它是一项既活动肌肉又活动大脑的运动。同时,功夫不仅是一项体育运动,也是一种艺术形式。它被用来治病和自卫,而且是一种综合性的人体文化。功夫历史悠久,在中国非常流行。肢体动作只是功夫的外部表现(external
随机试题
消化管狭窄或闭锁的成因主要是()
优质X线照片不能显示的是
砌筑用砂浆的配合比应采用()。
以下说法错误的是()。
It is said that a new policy is being put( )practice in your foreign trade.
下列关于监察稽核控制的说法,不正确的是()。
在下列四种情形中,人民法院应当为被告人指定辩护人的是( )。
(2016年)20世纪90年代,兰微公司在C国推出微波炉产品。兰微公司充分利用市场对微波炉产品价格的高度敏感,通过集中生产少数品种、规模经济,减少各种要素成本、提高生产效率、不断改进产品工艺设计、承接外包等多种手段降低成本,以“价格战”不断摧毁竞争对手的防
不含肌上皮细胞的唾液腺恶性肿瘤是()。
ThereiseveryevidencetoshowthatthepriceofflatsinShanghai______from10to15duringthelastmonth.
最新回复
(
0
)