首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
What Can We Learn from Art? I. Introduction A. Difference between general history and art history —Focus: —general history:【T1
What Can We Learn from Art? I. Introduction A. Difference between general history and art history —Focus: —general history:【T1
admin
2018-05-24
26
问题
What Can We Learn from Art?
I. Introduction
A. Difference between general history and art history
—Focus:
—general history:【T1】______.【T1】______
—art history: political values, emotions,【T2】______, etc.【T2】______
B. Significance of study
—More information and better understanding of human【T3】______【T3】______
II. Types of information
A. Information in history book is【T4】______【T4】______
B. Information in art history is subjective
—【T5】______ and opinions【T5】______
e.g. —Spanish painter’s works: misuse of【T6】______【T6】______
—Mexican artists’ works: attitudes toward social problems
III. Art as a religious belief
A Europe:【T7】______ in pictures in churches【T7】______
B. Middle East pictures of flowers and patterns in mosques, palaces
Reason: human and【T8】______ are not seen as holy【T8】______
C. Africa and the Pacific Islands: masks, headdresses
and【T9】______in special ceremonies【T9】______
Purpose: to seek the help of【T10】______to protect crops, animals
and people【T10】______
IV. Perceptions of Art
How people see art is related to their cultural background.
A Europeans and Americans
-【T11】______【T11】______
—expression of ideas
B. People in other places
—part of everyday life
—【T12】______ use【T12】______
V. Art as a reflection of social changes
A. Cause of changes:【T13】______ of different cultures【T13】______
—tribal people: effect of【T14】______ on art forms【T14】______
—European artists: influence of African traditional art in their works
—American and Canadian artists: study of【T15】______【T15】______
【T14】
What Can We Learn from Art?
Good morning. Today’s lecture is the very first of a series of lectures on art history. So I’d like to spend some time discussing with you the following topic: Why do we need to study art history and what can we learn from it?
First of all, I’d say, if you study art history, this might be a good way to learn more about a culture than is possible to learn in general history classes. You know, most typical history courses concentrate on politics, economics and war. But art history focuses on much more than this, because art reflects not only the political values of a people, but also their religious beliefs, emotions etc. In addition, information about the daily activities of our ancestors can be provided by art, like what people did for a living, what kind of dress they wore, what ceremonies they held etc. In short, art can express the essential qualities of a time and a place, and a study of it clearly offers us a deeper understanding than can be found in most history books and enables us to learn more things about human society and civilization.
The second point I’d like to make, is about the type of information. In history books, information is objective. That is, facts about political, economical life of a country are given, but opinions are not expressed. Art, on the other hand, is subjective. It reflects personal emotions and opinions. For example, Francisco Goya was a great Spanish painter, and also perhaps the first truly political artist. In his famous painting, The Third of May, 1808, he showed soldiers shooting a group of simple people. His description of soldiers and their victims has become a symbol of the enormous power or the misuse of this power that a government can have over its people. Over a hundred years later, on another continent, the powerful paintings of Mexican artists depicted their deep anger and sadness about social problems. In summary, through art you can find a personal and emotional view of history.
Thirdly, art can reflect a culture’s religious beliefs. For hundreds of years in Europe, religious art was almost the only type of art that existed. Churches and other religious buildings were filled with paintings that showed people and stories from the Bible. By contrast, one of the main characteristics of art in the Middle East was, and still is, its absence of human and animal images. This reflects the Islamic belief that these images are unholy. Thus, on palaces, mosques and other buildings, Islamic artists have created unique decoration of great beauty with images of flowers and geometric forms, for example, circles, squares, and triangles. The same is true of other places like Africa and the Pacific islands. Art also reflects the religious beliefs of traditional cultures in these places. As a matter of fact, religion is the purpose for this art and is, therefore, absolutely essential to it. Traditional art in Africa and the Pacific islands is different from Christian art. Christian art influences people’s religious feelings towards God, but the goal of traditional art in Africa and the Pacific islands is to influence spiritual powers, that is, gods, to enter people’s lives. Each tribe or village there has special ceremonies with songs and dances to make sure that crops, animals and people are healthy and increase in number. The dancers in these ceremonies wear masks, headdresses, and costumes that they believe are necessary to influence gods. So these masks and headdresses themselves are a very part of the art. As we’ve said, art depends on culture. Different forms of art result from different cultures.
Similarly, the way that people view art also depends on their cultural background. This is my fourth point. For most Europeans and Americans, art is mainly for decoration. It is something on a museum wall or in a glass case. It makes homes more attractive. People look at it and admire it: "Oh, what a beautiful painting! " Besides, ideas are often expressed in this art. "This is a wonderful statue," an admirer might say. "It makes such a strong anti-war statement." But in other places, art is not considered to be separate from everyday existence. It has a function. It has a practical role to play in people’s lives. A person in a tribal society might look at a mask and say, "Oh, this is a good mask: it will keep my house safe." In brief, the way in which people enjoy or appreciate art depends on their culture.
To conclude my lecture, we can say that art is a reflection of various cultures. But at the same time, we have to remember that art also reflects the changes in society that take place when different cultures influence one another. As people from tribal societies move to urban areas, their values and beliefs change accordingly, and their traditional art forms begin to lose their function. At the same time, urban artists begin to learn a lot from traditional art. For example, African masks and figures had a great influence on Picasso’s works. And many American and Canadian artists studied the simplicity of Japanese painting. The result is that as the world gets "smaller", the art of each culture becomes more international.
OK. This brings us to the end of our lecture. I hope that after today’s lecture, you’ll understand better the significance of a study of art history. Art enables us to know more about human history, for example, people’s views and opinions about certain historical events, and what’s more important, about different cultures: their religious beliefs, perception of art etc.
选项
答案
urban life
解析
根据录音原文,“随着部落社会的居民向城市迁移,他们的价值观和信念都会相应地改变,其传统艺术形式开始失去其功能。”此题填入对艺术形式产生影响的“城镇生活”,即urban life。当然也可以用changing living environment表示相关含义。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/nwTMFFFM
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
WhatCanWeLearnfromArt?I.IntroductionA.Differencebetweengeneralhistoryandarthistory—Focus:—generalhistory:【T1
WhatCanWeLearnfromArt?I.IntroductionA.Differencebetweengeneralhistoryandarthistory—Focus:—generalhistory:【T1
SomeTheoriesofHistoryI.TheproblemsofunderstandinghistoryHistorywithwrittenrecords:therecordsmaybe【T1】______
SomeTheoriesofHistoryI.TheproblemsofunderstandinghistoryHistorywithwrittenrecords:therecordsmaybe【T1】______
SomeTheoriesofHistoryI.TheproblemsofunderstandinghistoryHistorywithwrittenrecords:therecordsmaybe【T1】______
随机试题
掩星是一种天文现象,指一个天体在另一个天体与观测者之间通过而产生的遮蔽现象。科学家经常借助观察这一现象来判断星体是否有大气层。当行星掩过遥远恒星,如果恒星变得模糊之后才消失,那么可以认为()。
刮削研点时,校准工具应保持自由状态移动,不宜在校准工具的局部位置上加压。( )
患者,女,50岁。查体X线平片显示右肺门增大。关于胸部CT增强扫描,不正确的是
零售行为评分主要指的是信用卡行为评分。()
银行代销开放式基金时,应向基金投资者收取基金代销费用。()[2015年10月真题]
以下关于专业技术人员主要薪酬模式的说法,错误的有()。
某地大面积停水,影响居民正常用水,而此时有人传谣,说停水是因为化工厂有害物质泄漏,你怎么处理?
城市竞争力的高低,从本质上讲,不仅仅取决于硬环境的好坏——基础设施水平的高低、经济实力的强弱、产品结构的优劣、自然环境是否友好等,还取决于软环境的优劣。这个软环境是由社会秩序、公共道德文化氛围、教育水准、精神文明等诸多人文元素组成的,而这一切取决于市民的整
由于冷冻食品的过程消耗能量,因此很多人使他们的电冰箱保持半空状态,只用它们贮存购买的冷冻食品。但是半空的电冰箱经常比装满的电冰箱消耗的能量更多。下面的哪项如果正确,能最好地解释上面描述的明显的矛盾?
设有以下定义和语句:inta[3][2]={1,2,3,4,5,6,),*p[3];p[0]=a[1];则*(p[0]+1)所代表的数组元素是()。
最新回复
(
0
)