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  3. Blast injuries, caused by the sort of explosions that occurred in Boston Monday, can be sonic of the most difficult and complex

Blast injuries, caused by the sort of explosions that occurred in Boston Monday, can be sonic of the most difficult and complex

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问题     Blast injuries, caused by the sort of explosions that occurred in Boston Monday, can be sonic of the most difficult and complex injuries to treat. The "blast wave" from the explosion acts like "an invisible wall of energy. " Its tremendous energy can inflict massive internal injuries, says Mark Morocco, associate professor of emergency medicine. Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center.
    "Blast injury is one of the most challenging constellations of injuries," says John Chovanes, trauma surgeon at Cooper University Hospital in Camden, N. J. , and an Army reservist who has done three combat tours in Iraq and Afghanistan. He has treated dozens of blast victims. In one explosive event, Chovanes says, a victim can suffer the blunt trauma of a high-speed auto accident from the high-pressure blast wave, the penetrating destruction of multiple bullet wounds from the shrapnel and potentially a swath of disfiguring burns. The rapid pressure wave can instantly inflate the stomach with air, then immediately suck it out. Such pressure is many times worse than the sudden pressure changes that people feel in their ears when a plane changes altitude. The force can rupture intestines, collapse lungs and knock the brain around inside the skull, he says. "You can have disruption of brain function without any physical finding," Morocco says," You can have internal injuries even without any obvious bleeding. "
    Boston hospitals reported that many patients had injuries to their lower legs. That’s consistent with a bomb placed at ground level, such as in a backpack, Morocco says. "Bits of leg can be blown away from the pressure wave, which is like a big wind," Morocco says. "It knocks you down." In addition to creating a massive shock wave, an explosion can also cause shrapnel or other bits of metal to slice through flesh like a knife, Morocco says.
    While no city is ever completely prepared for the kind of horror that beset Boston Monday, the city’ s emergency management system is about as good as it gets, says Richard Zane, chair of emergency medicine at the University of Colorado School of Medicine. "Boston has the most robust mass casualty plan of any city in the United States," says Zane. who previously worked in Boston’ s Brigham and Women’s Hospital for 14 years. "I’m certain this response was so well orchestrated because they have planned for this before, they have drilled for this before. "
    Boston is home to some of the best regarded hospitals in the world. Beyond the skill of its surgeons and staff, however, the city also has an integrated emergency response system-including police, fire and others—to coordinate and direct care in an emergency. That ensures that patients are portioned out to hospitals evenly, so that individual facilities aren’t overwhelmed. Coordinating care at the scene of a disaster can save lives, Morocco says, through making hard choices about which patients need to be taken first to a hospital, which can wait and which is too injured to even try.
    Even patients with extensive injuries are likely to survive if treated within "the golden hour," Morocco says. Patients who languish more than an hour without treatment often don’t make it.
By saying that the "blast wave" from the explosion acts like "an invisible wall of energy", the author intends to say that ______.
选项 A、blast can cause shrapnel or other bits of metal to slice through flesh like a knife
B、its energy can cause a swath of disfiguring burns
C、this energy wall can prevent victims from physical injury and obvious bleeding
D、its tremendous energy can inflict massive internal injuries
答案D
解析 本题考查考生对前两段讨论的爆炸伤害的理解和把握。前两段具体描述了爆炸伤害的特别之处．列举了爆炸伤的种种表现，尤其在第一段指出，爆炸伤的特征之一是爆炸产生的“冲击波”就像一道“无形的能量墙”。这里需要特别注意“无形”二字，看似无形，其结果却能造成严重的内伤，这便是作者用这个比喻的意图。因此D是正确选项。A、B是爆炸伤可能造成的伤害表现，但是可以看出，这些伤害都是外伤，不能体现“无形”二字的用意。而C根本就是错误的结论，这道能量墙不仅不能阻止受害者身体受伤以及明显的出血，反而正是造成这种结果的原因。
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