首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The passage on the following pages has seven sections A-G. Choose the correct heading for each section from the list of headings
The passage on the following pages has seven sections A-G. Choose the correct heading for each section from the list of headings
admin
2014-08-25
36
问题
The passage on the following pages has seven sections A-G.
Choose the correct heading for each section from the list of headings below.
Write the correct number i-x in boxes 28-34 on your answer sheet.
List of Headings
i Bee behaviour is a mystery
ii Communicating direction when outside a hive
iii How bees carry food on their bodies
iv Von Frisch discovers that bees communicate
v How bees communicate direction when inside a hive
vi The special position of bee language
vii Expressing distance by means of dance
viii The purpose of the two simple dances
ix The discovery that bees have a special scent
x Von Frisch discovers three types of dance
Understanding Bee Behaviour
A
A bee’s brain is the size of a grass seed, yet in this tiny brain are encoded some of the most complex and amazing behavioural patterns witnessed outside humankind. For bees are arguably the only animals apart from humans which have their own language. Earlier this century Karl von Frisch, a professor of Zoology at Munich University, spent decades of ’the purest joy of discovery’ unravelling the mysteries of bee behaviour. For his astonishing achievements he was awarded the Nobel Prize and it is from his work that most of today’s knowledge of what bees say to each other derives.
B
It started simply enough. Von Frisch knew from experiments by an earlier researcher that if he put out a bowl of sweet sugar syrup, bees might at first take some time to find it but, once they had done so, within the hour, hundreds of other bees would be eagerly taking the syrup. Von Frisch realised that, in some way, messages were being passed on back at the hive1, messages which said, ’Out there, at this spot, you’re going to find food.’
C
But how was it happening? To watch the bees, von Frisch constructed a glass-sided hive. He found that, once the scout bees arrived back at the hive, they would perform one of three dance types. In the first type, a returning scout scampered in circles, alternating to right and left, stopping occasionally to regurgitate food samples to the excited bees chasing after her. In the second dance, clearly an extended version of this round dance, she performed a sickle-shaped figure-of-eight pattern instead. In the third, distinctly different dance, she started by running a short distance in a straight line, waggling her body from side to side, and returning in a semi-circle to the starting point before repeating the process. She also stopped from time to time to give little bits of food to begging bees. Soon the others would excitedly leave the hive in search of food. Minutes later, many of them, marked by von Frisch, could be seen eating at the bowls of sugar syrup.
1. Hive - a ’house’ for bees; the place where they build a nest and live
D
Experimenting further, von Frisch unravelled the mystery of the first two related types, the round and the sickle dances. These dances, he concluded, told the bees simply that, within quite short distances of the hive there was a food source worth chasing. The longer and more excitedly the scout danced, the richer the promise of the food source. The scent she carried in her samples and on her body was a message to the other bees that this particular food was the one they were looking for. The others would then troop out of the hive and fly in spiralling circles ’sniffing’ in the wind for the promised food.
E
At first, von Frisch thought the bees were responding only to the scent of the food. But what did the third dance mean? And if bees were responding only to the scent, how could they also ’sniff down’ food hundreds of metres away from the hive, food which was sometimes downwind? On a hunch, he started gradually moving the feeding dish further and further away and noticed as he did so, that the dances of the returning scout bees also started changing. If he placed the feeding dish over nine metres away, the second type of dance, the sickle version, came into play. But once he moved it past 36 metres, the scouts would then start dancing the third, quite different, waggle dance.
The measurement of the actual distance too, he concluded, was precise. For example, a feeding dish 300 metres away was indicated by 15 complete runs through the pattern in 30 seconds. When the dish was moved to 60 metres away, the number dropped to 11.
F
Von Frisch noted something further. When the scout bees came home to tell their sisters about the food source, sometimes they would dance outside on the horizontal entrance platform of the hive, and sometimes on the vertical wall inside. And, depending on where they danced, the straight portion of the waggle dance would point in different directions. The outside dance was fairly easy to decode: the straight portion of the dance pointed directly to the food source, so the bees would merely have to decode the distance message and fly off in that direction to find their food.
G
But by studying the dance on the inner wall of the hive, von Frisch discovered a remarkable method which the dancer used to tell her sisters the direction of the food in relation to the sun. When inside the hive, the dancer cannot use the sun, so she uses gravity instead. The direction of the sun is represented by the top of the hive wall. If she runs straight up, this means that the feeding place is in the same direction as the sun. However, if, for example, the feeding place is 40° to the left of the sun, then the dancer would run 40° to the left of the vertical line. This was to be the first of von Frisch’s remarkable discoveries. Soon he would also discover a number of other remarkable facts about how bees communicate and, in doing so, revolutionise the study of animal behaviour generally.
Section F
选项
答案
ii
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/lxEYFFFM
本试题收录于:
雅思阅读题库雅思(IELTS)分类
0
雅思阅读
雅思(IELTS)
相关试题推荐
Findanalgebraicexpressiontorepresenteachofthefollowing.(a)Thesquareofyissubtractedfrom5,andtheresultismult
Findthefollowing.(a)40%of15(b)150%of48(c)0.6%of800(d)15is30%ofwhichnumber?(e)11iswhatpercentof55?
Questionsarebasedonthefollowingdata.In1993theaverage(arithmeticmean)pricepercardforallgreetingcardssoldwa
Questionsarebasedonthefollowingdata.ApproximatelyhowmuchofthemunicipalspendinginBergenCountywasfundedbycom
Forhowmanypositiveintegersnlessthan40isthenumberofpositivefactorsofnequalto6?
CORRECTIVE:AMEND::
Hisfatherservedas______totheentireGarcíaclan,dispensingmoneyandadvicetothosewhoneededit,andthefamily,inturn
(Thispassagewaswrittenpriorto1950)Wenowknowthatwhatconstitutespracticallyallofmatterisemptyspa
Directions:Eachofthefollowingreadingcomprehensionquestionsisbasedonthecontentofthefollowingpassage.Readthepas
Thestateisanetworkofexchangedbenefitsandbeliefs,(i)____betweenrulersandcitizensbasedonthoselawsandprocedures
随机试题
试述感性认识和理性认识的辩证关系,并说明割裂二者的统一在理论上和实际工作中会导致的错误。
A.胸膜毛细血管静水压升高B.胸膜毛细血管通透性增加C.胸膜毛细血管内胶体渗透压降低D.胸膜淋巴回流障碍心衰导致胸腔积液的主要机制是
药典中浓氨溶液中NH3的浓度表示法为
甲市刘某违反《治安管理处罚法》,被乙市铁路公安分局给予拘留10天的处罚,刘某不服向乙市公安局申请复议,乙市公安局将处罚结果更改为罚款200元。刘某不服向法院提起行政诉讼。对此案有管辖权的法院有哪些?
背景资料:某公寓楼工程,地下1层,地上10层,建筑面积1.5万m2,建筑檐高34.5m。施工单位进场后项目经理组织编制了施工组织设计,并按规划的总平面图要求进行了施工和各种设施的布置,之后开始了结构施工,在结构施工期间,政府监督部门对工程进行例行
尽管借款人目前有能力偿还贷款本息,但存在一些可能对偿还产生不利影响的因素。此类贷款按贷款五级分类划分属于()。
信用证结算是当前国际贸易的主要结算方式,下列关于信用证结算特点表述错误的是()。
瑞士心理学家皮亚杰将从婴儿到青春期的认知发展分为________、________、________和________四个阶段。
根据以下资料。回答以下问题。2013年1~5月,全国规模以上快递服务企业业务量累计完成31.2亿件,同比增长61%;业务收入累计完成514.1亿元,同比增长34.3%。其中,同城业务收入累计完成57.7亿元,同比增长58.6%:异地业务收入累计完
在SQL语句中,DISTINCT短语的作用是()。
最新回复
(
0
)